ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is educating a client who has just been started on Zetia (exetimibe). What does the nurse say to educate the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Zetia interacts with bile acid sequestrants, affecting its absorption. By taking it 2 hours before or 4 hours after a bile acid sequestrant, the absorption of Zetia is maximized. Choice A is incorrect as Zetia can be taken with or without food. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific interaction with milk. Choice D is incorrect as Zetia can be taken with a statin drug, but the dosing may need to be adjusted based on individual patient factors.
Question 2 of 5
The client has a third degree AV block. The definitive treatment for this rhythm is what?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pacemaker. In a third degree AV block, there is a complete block in the electrical conduction between the atria and ventricles, leading to a significant decrease in heart rate. The definitive treatment for this condition is the placement of a pacemaker to ensure proper coordination of atrial and ventricular contractions. Adenosine (A) is used for certain types of supraventricular tachycardia, not for AV blocks. Epinephrine (B) is used in cardiac arrest situations to increase heart rate and blood pressure, not for AV blocks. Dopamine (D) is a medication used to increase blood pressure in hypotensive states, not for AV blocks.
Question 3 of 5
Which statement made by a patient with coronary artery disease after the nurse has completed teaching about the therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) diet indicates that further teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Switching to 1% milk (A) and incorporating salmon (B) are both heart-healthy choices. Moderate alcohol consumption like a glass of wine (C) is acceptable in TLC diet. However, peanut butter sandwiches can be high in saturated fat and should be limited in coronary artery disease diet, making choice D incorrect. Further teaching is needed to emphasize the importance of avoiding foods high in saturated fats.
Question 4 of 5
A patient recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI) develops chest pain on day 3 that increases when taking a deep breath and is relieved by leaning forward. Which action should the nurse take as focused follow-up on this symptom?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to auscultate for a pericardial friction rub (Choice C). This symptom of chest pain worsening with deep breaths and relieved by leaning forward is indicative of pericarditis, a common complication post-MI. Auscultating for a pericardial friction rub can help confirm this diagnosis. Assessing the feet for pedal edema (Choice A) is more relevant for heart failure. Palpating radial pulses (Choice B) is not directly related to the symptom described. Checking the heart monitor for dysrhythmias (Choice D) may not provide immediate insight into the specific symptom being experienced.
Question 5 of 5
Which assessment finding by the nurse caring for a patient who has had coronary artery bypass grafting using a right radial artery graft is most important to communicate to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pallor and weakness of the right hand. This finding suggests potential compromise of blood flow to the right radial artery graft, which is crucial for the patient's cardiac function. Pallor and weakness may indicate reduced perfusion, possibly due to graft occlusion or other complications. This warrants immediate attention from the healthcare provider to prevent further complications. Incorrect choices: A: Complaints of incisional chest pain - This is common post-surgery and may not indicate acute issues with the graft. C: Fine crackles heard at both lung bases - This could indicate a respiratory issue, but it is not directly related to the radial artery graft. D: Redness on both sides of the sternal incision - While redness could suggest infection, it is not as urgent as compromised blood flow to the graft, which requires immediate intervention.