The nurse is educating a client about signs of labor. Which symptom indicates true labor?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology, understanding the signs of true labor is crucial for nurses caring for pregnant clients. Option C, contractions that increase in intensity and cause cervical changes, indicates true labor. This is because true labor involves rhythmic, regular contractions that lead to progressive dilation and effacement of the cervix, preparing the body for childbirth. Option A, irregular contractions relieved by rest, is incorrect because true labor contractions follow a pattern and do not subside with rest. Option B, contractions felt only in the abdomen, is also incorrect as true labor contractions are typically felt in the lower back and wrap around to the front of the abdomen. Option D, absence of fetal movement, is unrelated to the onset of labor and does not signify true labor. Educationally, nurses must be able to differentiate between true labor and false labor to provide appropriate care and support to expectant mothers. Recognizing the signs of true labor helps in timely interventions and ensures the well-being of both the mother and the baby. Pharmacological knowledge can also be essential during labor and delivery to manage pain effectively and address any complications that may arise.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology, understanding the physiological process of labor and birth is crucial for nurses caring for maternal newborn clients. In this scenario, the finding that indicates birth is imminent is option D) Crowning is observed. Crowning refers to the appearance of the baby's head at the vaginal opening, indicating that the baby is descending and delivery is imminent. Option A) Cervix is fully dilated is an important milestone in labor progression but does not necessarily indicate imminent birth. The second stage of labor, when crowning occurs, follows full cervical dilation. Option B) Contractions every 2 minutes is a sign of active labor but does not specifically indicate that birth is imminent. Contractions may vary in frequency and intensity throughout labor. Option C) Fetal heart rate of 140 beats/minute is within a normal range but is not a direct indicator of imminent birth. Fetal heart rate monitoring is essential for assessing fetal well-being during labor but does not signify immediate delivery. Educationally, nurses must be able to recognize the signs of impending birth to provide timely and appropriate care during labor and delivery. Understanding these key indicators helps nurses anticipate the needs of both the mother and the newborn, ensuring a safe and positive birth experience.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology within maternal newborn care, understanding the physiological signs of labor progression is crucial for nurses. In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Fetal head is crowning. This finding indicates that the baby is descending through the birth canal and is on the verge of being born. Option A) Fetal head at station 0 may occur earlier in labor and does not necessarily indicate immediate readiness for delivery. Option B) Contractions every 3-5 minutes are indicative of active labor but do not specifically signal imminent delivery. Option D) Cervix dilated to 8 cm suggests progress in labor but does not provide a direct indication of readiness for delivery as crowning does. Educationally, nurses must grasp the significance of crowning as a definitive sign of imminent delivery during the second stage of labor. This knowledge allows for appropriate preparation, positioning, and support for the mother during the final moments of labor and birth. Understanding these key indicators enhances the nurse's ability to provide safe and effective care during this critical stage of childbirth.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Emergency contraception is most effective when taken within 72 hours of unprotected sex. Choice B is incorrect as it is not as effective after 5 days. Choice C is incorrect because emergency contraception works primarily by preventing ovulation, not by preventing implantation. Choice D is incorrect because most emergency contraception methods are available over the counter.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The quality of spinnbarkeit refers to the elasticity of cervical mucus. Spinnbarkeit is a term used to describe the stretchability or stretchy quality of cervical mucus during ovulation. This elasticity is an important characteristic as it indicates the fertile window for a woman trying to conceive. High levels of spinnbarkeit allow for easier passage and survival of sperm, increasing the chances of conception. The other choices (B. amount, C. clarity, D. color) do not specifically refer to the stretchability or elasticity of cervical mucus, which is what is assessed when evaluating spinnbarkeit.