ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions on Infertility Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is educating a client about hysterosalpingograms. Which information should the nurse include prior to this procedure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer C: 1. Hysterosalpingogram (HSG) involves instillation of a radiopaque dye into the uterine cavity to visualize the uterus and fallopian tubes. 2. This dye helps to identify any abnormalities or blockages in the reproductive system. 3. The nurse should include this information as it is essential for the client to understand the purpose and process of the procedure. 4. Understanding the use of the dye can help alleviate any anxiety or concerns the client may have. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: This procedure is typically performed without general anesthesia. B: HSG can be performed at various points in the menstrual cycle, not specifically after ovulation. D: Tylenol may be recommended for pain relief post-procedure, but it is not a necessary pre-procedure step.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing education to a pregnant woman whose genetic testing confirms her fetus has Down syndrome. The nurse understands that Down syndrome is an example of which abnormality?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Abnormality of chromosomal number. Down syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to trisomy 21. This results in characteristic physical features and intellectual disability. Chromosomal translocation (A) involves the swapping of genetic material between chromosomes. Multifactorial monosomy inheritance (C) refers to a combination of genetic and environmental factors leading to the loss of a chromosome. Autosomal-recessive inheritance (D) requires two copies of a mutated gene to be present for the disorder to manifest, which is not the case in Down syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
A 44-year-old woman presents with an unexpected pregnancy. She asks the nurse, 'Is my baby going to have a birth defect? My third cousin has Down syndrome.' What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: The correct answer is D because advanced maternal age (AMA), generally defined as 35 years or older, is a well-known risk factor for chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome. Step 2: Down syndrome is more common in babies born to mothers over the age of 35 due to the increased likelihood of errors in cell division during egg development. Step 3: Given the patient's age of 44, she falls into the category of AMA and is at an increased risk for chromosomal abnormalities in her baby. Step 4: Option A is incorrect as the risk is not solely based on gene mutation but rather on the increased chance of chromosomal abnormalities due to age. Step 5: Option B is incorrect as it focuses on intrauterine growth retardation, which is not directly related to the patient's query about birth defects. Step 6: Option C is incorrect as a referral to high-risk obstetrics may not be necessary solely based on the patient's
Question 4 of 5
A couple who has not achieved a successful pregnancy is scheduled to meet with a fertility specialist. Which simple evaluation is usually the first test to be performed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Semen analysis. This is the first test performed because it helps assess male fertility by evaluating sperm count, motility, and morphology. It is a non-invasive and cost-effective test that can provide valuable insights into the couple's fertility issues. Testicular biopsy (B) is an invasive procedure and typically not the initial test. Endometrial biopsy (C) evaluates the uterine lining and is usually performed later in the evaluation process. Hysterosalpingography (D) is a test to assess the fallopian tubes and uterus in females, which is also not typically the first test performed when evaluating infertility in a couple.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following medical conditions could possibly affect a woman's fertility status?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, recently diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is a common hormonal disorder that can affect a woman's fertility by causing irregular ovulation or no ovulation. This can make it difficult to conceive. - Choice A (asthma with inhaler): Asthma does not directly impact fertility. - Choice C (polyps removal): External polyps removal does not typically affect fertility. - Choice D (sinus headaches): Seasonal sinus headaches do not directly impact fertility. In summary, PCOS can affect fertility due to hormonal imbalances affecting ovulation, making it the most relevant medical condition in this context.