ATI RN
Anatomy of Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is documenting findings after completing data collection with a patient. What term should the nurse use to document a large area of discoloration from hemorrhage under the skin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct term for a large area of discoloration from hemorrhage under the skin is "Ecchymosis" (Choice D). Ecchymosis refers to the medical term for a bruise, which is characterized by a large area of skin discoloration caused by bleeding beneath the skin due to trauma or injury. Pallor (Choice A) refers to paleness of the skin due to decreased blood flow or anemia, not discoloration from hemorrhage. Rubor (Choice B) refers to redness of the skin due to increased blood flow, not discoloration from hemorrhage. Petechiae (Choice C) are tiny red or purple spots on the skin caused by broken capillaries, not a large area of discoloration from hemorrhage as described in the question.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the results of a patient's arterial blood gas analysis. What should the nurse recognize as being a normal blood pH?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The normal blood pH range is 7.35-7.45. Choice C (7.38) falls within this range, indicating a normal pH level. Choices A (7.29) and D (7.48) are outside the normal range, indicating acidosis and alkalosis, respectively. Choice B (7.31) is slightly below the normal range, indicating mild acidosis. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it represents a normal blood pH level within the appropriate range.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assisting with the preparation of a blood transfusion for a patient. Which type of fluid should the nurse select to transfuse with the blood?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.9% normal saline. When preparing a blood transfusion, it is essential to select a compatible fluid that will not cause hemolysis of the red blood cells. Normal saline is isotonic and compatible with blood, making it the ideal choice. Dextrose solutions can cause hemolysis and should not be used for blood transfusions. Choice B and C contain dextrose, which is not suitable for blood transfusions. Choice D contains a lower concentration of normal saline, which may not be as effective in maintaining the osmotic balance of the blood cells. Therefore, selecting 0.9% normal saline ensures the safety and integrity of the transfused blood.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse reviews the laboratory data for an older patient. The nurse would be most concerned about which finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: White blood cell (WBC) count of 2800/L. A low WBC count (leukopenia) in an older patient can indicate an impaired immune system, making them vulnerable to infections. This is concerning as older adults have a weakened immune response. A: Hematocrit of 35% is within the normal range. B: Hemoglobin of 11.8 g/dL is slightly low but not a major concern as long as it's not significantly lower. C: Platelet count of 400000/L is within the normal range and not typically a cause for concern.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse examines the lymph nodes of a patient during a physical assessment. Which assessment finding would be of most concern to the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A 2-cm nontender supraclavicular node is of most concern as supraclavicular nodes are not normally palpable, and their enlargement can indicate underlying malignancy, such as metastatic cancer. B: A 1-cm mobile and nontender axillary node is within normal limits. C: Inability to palpate superficial lymph nodes may be due to factors like obesity or normal variation. D: Firm inguinal nodes in a patient with an infected foot are expected as a local response to infection.