ATI RN
NCLEX Pediatric Respiratory Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is discussing sexuality with the parents of an adolescent girl with moderate cognitive impairment. Which would the nurse consider with this topic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Individuals with cognitive impairment need a well-defined, concrete code of sexual conduct. This answer is appropriate because individuals with cognitive impairment may have difficulty understanding social cues, boundaries, and appropriate sexual behavior. Providing clear guidelines and boundaries can help protect them from exploitation and ensure their safety. Option A) Sexual drive and interest are limited in individuals with cognitive impairment is incorrect because individuals with cognitive impairment may still have sexual desires and interests, but they may struggle to express these in socially appropriate ways. Option C) Contraceptive protection should not be considered an option is incorrect because individuals with cognitive impairment are at risk of sexual abuse and exploitation. It is essential to discuss contraceptive options to prevent unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. Option D) Sterilization is recommended for any adolescent with cognitive impairment is incorrect and unethical. Sterilization should not be performed without the individual's informed consent, and there are other ways to support individuals with cognitive impairments in making informed decisions about their sexual health. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to understand the unique needs and challenges faced by individuals with cognitive impairment when discussing sexuality. By providing appropriate education and support, nurses can help promote healthy sexual development and prevent harm in this vulnerable population.
Question 2 of 5
A 6-month-old infant presents to the clinic for routine immunizations. Prior to this visit, the infant has remained up-to-date with immunizations. The nurse anticipates the infant will need which of the following immunizations recommended at 6 months? Select one that doesn't apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) because the MMR vaccine is typically administered around 12-15 months of age, not at 6 months. The MMR vaccine provides protection against these viral infections. Option A) Pneumococcal vaccine is recommended at 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months, so it would be appropriate at 6 months. Option B) DTaP vaccine is also given at 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months, making it appropriate for this age group. Option D) Hib vaccine is typically given at 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months, so it would be indicated at 6 months as well. Educationally, it's crucial for nurses to understand the recommended immunization schedule for pediatric patients to ensure they receive the appropriate vaccines at the right time. This knowledge helps prevent missed opportunities for immunization and ensures optimal protection against vaccine-preventable diseases. Furthermore, understanding the rationale behind each vaccine's timing and purpose enhances the nurse's ability to educate parents and caregivers effectively.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child with a respiratory illness. The child is experiencing nasal flaring and retractions of the ribs. The nurse should recognize that these are signs of
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Respiratory distress. Nasal flaring and retractions of the ribs are indicative of increased work of breathing and are classic signs of respiratory distress in a child. Nasal flaring occurs when a child is trying to take in more air to compensate for inadequate oxygenation, while retractions of the ribs indicate the child is using accessory muscles to breathe, further signifying respiratory distress. Option B) Acute asthma attack could be considered, but nasal flaring and retractions of the ribs are more commonly associated with a general respiratory distress rather than specifically with asthma. Option C) Common cold typically presents with symptoms like runny nose, congestion, and mild cough rather than the severe signs seen in this scenario. Option D) COPD is a chronic condition seen more commonly in adults due to smoking or environmental factors, and it is less likely to be the cause of acute respiratory distress in a child. Educationally, it is crucial for nurses to be able to recognize signs of respiratory distress in pediatric patients as prompt intervention is essential to prevent further deterioration. Understanding these signs and symptoms can help nurses provide timely and appropriate care to children with respiratory illnesses, ultimately improving outcomes and patient safety.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child with leukemia. The nurse recognizes that the child is at increased risk for
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric oncology, children with leukemia are at increased risk for infections due to compromised immune function from the disease itself and the treatment modalities such as chemotherapy. The correct answer is B) Infection. Leukemia affects the production of normal white blood cells, which are crucial for fighting infections. Children undergoing treatment for leukemia often experience neutropenia, a condition characterized by low levels of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell responsible for fighting bacterial and fungal infections. Option A) Hypoglycemia is not directly related to leukemia. While some chemotherapy drugs may cause alterations in blood sugar levels, it is not a primary concern for children with leukemia. Option C) Dehydration is not a common risk specifically associated with leukemia. Although some chemotherapy medications can cause side effects like nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, leading to dehydration, it is not a direct consequence of leukemia itself. Option D) Cardiac arrhythmias are not a typical risk for children with leukemia. While certain chemotherapy drugs may have cardiotoxic effects, cardiac arrhythmias are not a primary concern in the immediate care of a child with leukemia. Understanding the increased susceptibility to infections in children with leukemia is crucial for nurses caring for these patients. Nurses need to monitor for signs of infection, practice strict infection control measures, and educate patients and families on the importance of preventing infections through good hygiene practices and avoiding exposure to sick individuals. This knowledge is vital for providing safe and effective care to pediatric patients with leukemia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who is crying excessively. The nurse should first assess for which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Ear infection. When a 6-month-old infant is excessively crying, it could be due to an ear infection because the infant may not be able to communicate the pain verbally. Ear infections are common in infants and can cause significant discomfort, leading to increased crying. It is crucial for the nurse to consider this as a potential cause and assess the infant's ears for signs of infection. Option A) Teething pain is a common issue in infants but typically does not cause excessive crying unless accompanied by other symptoms like swollen gums or drooling. Option B) Hunger can be easily ruled out by attempting to feed the infant. Option C) A wet diaper is also easily identifiable and can be ruled out by checking the diaper. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to be able to differentiate between various common causes of infant distress. Understanding the signs and symptoms of different conditions helps nurses provide appropriate care and interventions promptly. This question highlights the significance of thorough assessment and critical thinking in pediatric nursing, especially when dealing with non-verbal patients like infants.