The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client who is scheduled for her first Papanicolaou test. What instruction by the nurse is the most accurate?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Douching can alter the cervical cells and affect the accuracy of the Pap smear results. The rationale is that douching can wash away or change the cervical cells, leading to potential misinterpretation of the test results. Choices A and B are incorrect because the timing of the test and sexual activity can indeed affect the results. Choice C is incorrect as Pap smear results need to be sent to a lab for interpretation by a healthcare provider, not done immediately in the office.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: corpora spongiosum. The urethra passes through the corpora spongiosum of the penis, which is a spongy tissue that surrounds the urethra. This allows for the passage of urine and semen during ejaculation. The other choices are incorrect because: A) The tunica albuginea is a fibrous covering of the corpora cavernosa, not the urethra. B) The prepuce is the foreskin that covers the glans penis, not part of the urethra. D) The corpora cavernosa are erectile tissue responsible for penile erection, not part of the urethra's pathway.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Graafian follicle. The mature follicle is called a Graafian follicle because it is the final stage of follicle development before ovulation. It is characterized by a fluid-filled cavity containing the oocyte. The other choices are incorrect because a granulosa cell is a type of cell found in the follicle wall, a primary follicle is an immature follicle, and a secondary follicle is an intermediate stage between the primary and Graafian follicle.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: estrogen. Estrogen is a type of steroid hormone derived from cholesterol. Steroids are a specific group of lipids characterized by a particular molecular structure. Estrogen plays a vital role in the development and regulation of the female reproductive system. Choice A, FSH, and choice B, LH, are both peptide hormones, not steroids. Peptide hormones are made up of amino acids and are not derived from cholesterol. Choice D, GnRH, is also a peptide hormone that regulates the release of other hormones in the body, particularly in the reproductive system. In summary, estrogen is the only steroid hormone among the options provided, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: increase in calcium deposition. Menopause is associated with a decrease in estrogen levels, leading to bone loss rather than an increase in calcium deposition. Loss of hormones (A) is a result of menopause due to the decline in estrogen and progesterone. Reduction in breast mass (B) occurs as estrogen levels decrease, impacting breast tissue. Psychological changes (D) such as mood swings and irritability are common during menopause due to hormonal fluctuations. Thus, an increase in calcium deposition is not a result of menopause, making choice C the correct answer.