ATI RN
Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a 64-year-old client with coronary artery disease (CAD). Which factor should the nurse focus on during the teaching session?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level. This is the most relevant factor to focus on during the teaching session for a client with CAD. Elevated LDL levels are a major risk factor for the development and progression of CAD. By addressing this factor, the nurse can educate the client on the importance of managing cholesterol levels through diet, exercise, and medication. Incorrect choices: A: Family history of CAD - While family history is a risk factor, it cannot be modified through education alone. C: Greater risk associated with the patient's gender - Gender is a non-modifiable risk factor and not the primary focus for teaching. D: Increased risk of cardiovascular disease with aging - While age is a risk factor, the focus should be on modifiable risk factors like LDL levels.
Question 2 of 5
How much does the inspired O2 concentration have to be raised to abolish the hypoxaemia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (7%). To abolish hypoxemia, inspired O2 concentration needs to be increased sufficiently to raise arterial oxygen levels. A 7% increase is generally effective in achieving this without causing oxygen toxicity. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because a 5% increase may not be enough to abolish hypoxemia, a 10% increase can lead to oxygen toxicity, and a 15% increase is excessive and unnecessary for treating hypoxemia. Therefore, option B is the most appropriate and balanced choice for addressing hypoxemia effectively.
Question 3 of 5
The organ of the respiratory system that traps bacteria with a ring of tonsils is the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: pharynx. The pharynx is the organ that traps bacteria with its tonsils. The tonsils are located in the pharynx and act as the body's first line of defense against pathogens entering the respiratory system. The nose (choice A) is responsible for warming, humidifying, and filtering air, but it does not trap bacteria with tonsils. The larynx (choice C) is involved in sound production and preventing food from entering the airway, not trapping bacteria. The trachea (choice D) is the windpipe that carries air to and from the lungs, but it does not have tonsils to trap bacteria.
Question 4 of 5
Nurse Reese is caring for a client hospitalized with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note on assessment of this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A hyperinflated chest noted on the chest x-ray. In COPD, air trapping leads to hyperinflation of the lungs, causing the chest to appear hyperinflated on x-ray. This is due to the increased residual volume and decreased expiratory flow rates in COPD. Incorrect choices: A: Hypocapnia is unlikely in COPD as patients typically retain carbon dioxide due to impaired gas exchange. C: Increased oxygen saturation with exercise is unlikely in COPD as these patients often have decreased oxygen saturation due to impaired gas exchange. D: A widened diaphragm would not be a typical finding on chest x-ray in COPD; hyperinflated lungs are more characteristic.
Question 5 of 5
A male client comes to the emergency department complaining of sudden onset of diarrhea, anorexia, malaise, cough, headache, and recurrent chills. Based on the client's history and physical findings, the physician suspects Legionnaires' disease. While awaiting diagnostic test results, the client is admitted to the facility and started on antibiotic therapy. What is the drug of choice for treating Legionnaires' disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: erythromycin (Erythrocin). Legionnaires' disease is caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila, and erythromycin is the drug of choice for treating this infection. Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that effectively targets Legionella bacteria by inhibiting their protein synthesis. It is bacteriostatic at low concentrations and bactericidal at higher concentrations. Rifampin (B) is not the preferred choice for Legionnaires' disease. Amantadine (C) is used for treating influenza A virus, not Legionella bacteria. Amphotericin B (D) is an antifungal agent and is not effective against Legionella pneumophila. Utilizing erythromycin as the treatment of choice ensures successful eradication of the Legionella bacteria and helps the client recover from the infection.