ATI RN
Introduction to Professional Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a 64-year-old patient with coronary artery disease (CAD). Which factor should the nurse focus on during the teaching session?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level) because it directly correlates with the patient's CAD condition. Elevated LDL cholesterol is a major risk factor for developing CAD. By focusing on lowering the LDL level through lifestyle changes and medication, the nurse can effectively manage and prevent further progression of the disease. A (Family history of coronary artery disease) while important, is a non-modifiable risk factor and may not be as impactful in the teaching plan as addressing the patient's current elevated LDL level. C (Greater risk associated with the patient's gender) is not as relevant in this case because the patient's specific risk factors should be the main focus rather than general gender-related risks. D (Increased risk of cardiovascular disease with aging) is a common risk factor, but in this case, addressing the patient's elevated LDL level would be more specific and beneficial for managing CAD.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse reviews the laboratory results of a client who is receiving intravenous insulin. Which would alert the nurse to intervene immediately?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Serum potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L (2.5 mmol/L). A low potassium level (hypokalemia) can be life-threatening, especially in a client receiving intravenous insulin, as insulin promotes cellular uptake of potassium, leading to hypokalemia. Symptoms of hypokalemia include muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmias, and respiratory failure. Therefore, the nurse must intervene immediately by administering potassium supplements or adjusting the insulin dose. Summary: A: Serum chloride level - normal range, not directly related to insulin therapy. B: Serum calcium level - normal range, not directly related to insulin therapy. C: Serum sodium level - normal range, not directly related to insulin therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who has insulin dependent diabetes mellitis must take a glucocorticoid medication nurse will explain that there may be a need to?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase insulin dose. When a patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus takes glucocorticoid medication, it can lead to increased blood glucose levels due to the medication's impact on insulin sensitivity. Therefore, increasing the insulin dose helps to maintain optimal blood glucose control. Decreasing insulin dose (B) would worsen hyperglycemia. Monitoring blood glucose less frequently (C) is risky as it may lead to missed hyperglycemic episodes. Stopping insulin temporarily (D) is dangerous and can result in severe hyperglycemia.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse develops a plan of care to prevent aspiration in a high risk patient which nursing action will be most effective
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Place a patient with altered consciousness in a side-lying position. This is the most effective nursing action to prevent aspiration in a high-risk patient because it helps prevent the patient from aspirating any secretions or vomitus. Placing the patient in a side-lying position helps to maintain an open airway and allows for proper drainage of fluids from the mouth. Rationale: A: Turning and repositioning an immobile patient every 2 hours is important for preventing pressure ulcers, but it does not directly address the risk of aspiration. C: Inserting a nasogastric tube for feeding a patient with high-calorie needs is not a preventative measure for aspiration and may even increase the risk if not managed properly. D: Monitoring respiratory symptoms in an immunosuppressed patient is important for early detection of respiratory infections but does not directly prevent aspiration.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has fluid overload. What action by the nurse takes priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer high-ceiling (loop) diuretics. In fluid overload, the priority is to remove excess fluid from the body rapidly to prevent complications like pulmonary edema and heart failure. Loop diuretics are the most effective in removing excess fluid from the body. Assessing lung sounds (choice B) is important but addressing the fluid overload takes precedence. Placing a pressure-relieving overlay on the mattress (choice C) is not the priority in managing fluid overload. Weighing the client daily (choice D) is important for monitoring fluid status, but administering diuretics to address the overload is the immediate priority.