The nurse is describing how to perform a testicular self-examination to a patient. Which statement is most appropriate? Test Bank - Physical Examination and Health Assessment 8e (by Jarvis) 391

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it emphasizes the importance of seeking medical attention if any abnormalities are found during the testicular self-examination. This statement promotes early detection of potential issues such as testicular cancer, which is crucial for timely treatment. The other choices are incorrect: A focuses on timing rather than the action to take if a problem is detected, C describes the shape and mobility of the testicle which is not directly related to the examination process, and D provides a vague description of the testicle's texture without addressing the significance of findings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct pathway for fluid through a juxtamedullary nephron is proximal convoluted tubule, descending loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and ascending loop of Henle. This is because in the juxtamedullary nephron, the loop of Henle dips deep into the medulla, allowing for concentration of urine. Choice A is incorrect because it has the ascending and descending loops of Henle in the wrong order. Choice B is incorrect because it has the ascending and descending loops of Henle reversed. Choice D is incorrect because it starts with the distal convoluted tubule instead of the proximal convoluted tubule.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the HPV vaccine is prophylactic and does not treat existing HPV infections. The primary purpose of the vaccine is to prevent future HPV infections, not to cure current ones. Therefore, administering the vaccine to someone who already has an HPV infection would not provide any benefit in treating the existing infection. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not address the fact that the vaccine cannot treat an existing HPV infection. Choice A is incorrect because the age range for the HPV vaccine includes individuals up to 26 years old, but it does not address the issue of existing infection. Choice B is incorrect because the vaccine is recommended for both sexually active and non-sexually active individuals to prevent future infections. Choice C is incorrect because checking with the physician does not change the fact that the vaccine cannot treat an existing HPV infection.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Postmenopausal women are at increased risk for dyspareunia due to decreased vaginal secretions caused by hormonal changes. This can lead to discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse. Choice A is incorrect because postmenopausal women are actually at a greater risk for heart disease compared to younger women due to hormonal changes and aging. Choice C is incorrect as menopause involves various hormonal and physical changes that can impact a woman's health, such as bone density loss and increased risk for osteoporosis. Choice D is incorrect because while women may experience changes in sexual response after menopause, difficulty with sexual pleasure is not a universal outcome and can be managed with proper education and interventions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it is non-judgmental, open-ended, and patient-centered. It acknowledges common concerns without assuming the individual's experiences. It invites the patient to share their questions, signaling a safe and supportive environment for discussing sensitive topics. Rationale for other choices: A: This choice is too direct and may make the patient uncomfortable. It does not consider the patient's readiness to discuss their sexual history. B: This choice assumes dissatisfaction and may not apply to the patient. It could lead to a negative perception of the topic. D: This choice is judgmental and assumes the patient's sexual history, potentially creating a barrier to open communication.