The nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which is a potential nursing diagnosis for the patient taking antihypertensive medications?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sexual dysfunction. Antihypertensive medications can cause sexual dysfunction as a side effect due to their impact on blood flow and hormone levels. The nurse should consider this potential nursing diagnosis when creating a plan of care. Diarrhea (A) is not typically associated with antihypertensive medications. Urge urinary incontinence (C) is more commonly linked to conditions like overactive bladder. Impaired memory (D) is not a common side effect of antihypertensive medications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: ethambutol (Myambutol). Ethambutol is known to cause optic neuritis, leading to a decrease in visual acuity. This adverse effect is dose-dependent and more likely to occur with prolonged use. Rifampin (A), isoniazid (B), and streptomycin (D) do not typically cause visual disturbances. Rifampin may cause a harmless orange discoloration of bodily fluids. Isoniazid is known for hepatotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy. Streptomycin can lead to ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Therefore, ethambutol is the correct choice due to its association with visual acuity changes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Conjugation is the coupling of a drug with an endogenous substrate to facilitate its elimination from the body. This process involves the addition of specific molecules (such as glucuronic acid, sulfate, or amino acids) to the drug molecule, making it more water-soluble for easier excretion. Choice A is incorrect because conjugation does not involve drug reduction. Choice B is incorrect as conjugation does not involve drug oxidation. Choice D is incorrect as conjugation is not about solubilization in lipids but rather in water-soluble forms for excretion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blocking pain sensation without loss of consciousness. Local anesthetics work by blocking nerve impulses in a specific area, leading to loss of sensation without affecting consciousness. This is achieved by blocking sodium channels in the nerves. Option A is incorrect as local anesthetics do not cause amnesia or loss of consciousness. Option C is incorrect as it refers to the effects of sedatives, not local anesthetics. Option D is incorrect as a stupor or somnolent state indicates a decreased level of consciousness, which local anesthetics do not cause.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because dryness of mouth, hyperpyrexia (high fever), and hallucination are not typical symptoms of mushroom poisoning. Salivation, lacrimation, nausea, vomiting (choice A), headache, abdominal colic (choice C), bradycardia, hypotension, and shock (choice D) are common symptoms seen in mushroom poisoning cases. Dry mouth, high fever, and hallucinations are more likely to be associated with other conditions or toxicities.