Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse should include the question "Have you noticed a change in your thirst?" in the health history focusing on the endocrine system because changes in thirst can be indicative of conditions such as diabetes insipidus or diabetes mellitus that affect the endocrine system. Thirst can be altered due to changes in hormone levels, particularly those related to water balance and blood sugar regulation. Monitoring changes in thirst can provide important information about potential endocrine imbalances in the body. Asking about changes in thirst is relevant to assessing the patient's endocrine health in this context.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Impaired Gas Exchange is the nursing diagnosis that should take the highest priority for implementing client education in a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Since COPD directly affects the ability of the lungs to take in oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide, impaired gas exchange is a critical concern for these patients. By educating the client on proper breathing techniques, medication adherence, smoking cessation, and environmental triggers, the nurse can help in improving gas exchange and overall respiratory function. Addressing Impaired Gas Exchange as a priority can significantly impact the client's quality of life and prevent respiratory complications.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that impairs the blood's ability to clot properly, leading to prolonged bleeding. This makes individuals with hemophilia particularly susceptible to hemorrhagic shock, which is a type of distributive shock. Distributive shock occurs when there is widespread vasodilation and increased vascular permeability, leading to inadequate tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery. In the case of hemophilia, excessive bleeding can result in a significant loss of blood volume and impaired circulation, eventually leading to distributive shock due to the body's inability to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs. Therefore, individuals with hemophilia are at an increased risk of developing distributive shock, specifically hemorrhagic shock, if they experience severe bleeding events.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Calcium is essential in bone healing as it is a major component of bone tissue. Adequate calcium intake is crucial for maintaining bone density and strength, which is particularly important during the healing process of a fractured bone. Calcium plays a key role in the mineralization of bone tissue, helping in the formation of new bone and repair of the fractured area. Therefore, teaching the patient about the importance of sufficient calcium intake is vital for promoting bone healing and recovery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hyperthyroidism is a noncardiac risk factor for heart failure because it can lead to increased heart rate, palpitations, and ultimately strain on the heart. When a person has hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, which can impact the cardiovascular system by affecting heart function. This increased workload on the heart can contribute to the development of heart failure. It is important for the nurse to recognize hyperthyroidism as a potential risk factor for heart failure during the assessment of the client.