ATI RN
Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is conducting a class for a group of pregnant clients and wants to focus specifically on the risks of alcohol consumption for the developing fetus. Which topic should the nurse include with regard to safety of the fetus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Understanding human growth and development is crucial when discussing the risks of alcohol consumption for the developing fetus. Alcohol can have profound negative effects on the developing fetus, leading to a range of physical, cognitive, and behavioral abnormalities known as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs). These effects can impact the fetus at various stages of development, making it important for pregnant clients to be aware of the risks associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy. By focusing on human growth and development, the nurse can help pregnant clients grasp the critical importance of avoiding alcohol to ensure the healthy growth and development of their babies.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for an infant diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. The client has recently been scheduled for surgery to repair the defect. Which procedure does the nurse anticipate needing to provide client teaching about to the client's family?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Norwood procedure is a surgical technique used to treat hypoplastic left heart syndrome, a congenital heart defect where the left side of the heart is underdeveloped. In this procedure, the surgeon creates a new functional aorta and reconstructs the right ventricle to take over pumping blood to both the lungs and the body. This procedure is typically performed in 3 stages, with the first stage usually done in the first week of life. Providing client teaching about the Norwood procedure is important for the family to understand the surgery, postoperative care, and potential complications. It helps prepare them for what to expect and how to best support their infant through the surgical and recovery process.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a breastfeeding client recovering from a cesarean section. The physician diagnoses her with superficial venous thrombosis. Which intervention should the nurse anticipate carrying out first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Superficial venous thrombosis is a condition characterized by the formation of a blood clot in a superficial vein. The initial intervention for this condition is to apply warm, moist compresses to the affected area. The warmth can help to increase blood flow and promote the resolution of the clot. It also helps to reduce pain and inflammation in the area. Encouraging ambulation, taking aspirin, or administering methylergonovine are not appropriate interventions for superficial venous thrombosis and could potentially worsen the condition or lead to complications.
Question 4 of 5
A client with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion. Which actions interventions are appropriate for this diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of a client with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Peripheral Tissue Perfusion, elevating the client's knees on the bed or with a pillow is the most appropriate intervention. Elevating the knees promotes venous return and helps improve circulation to the peripheral tissues, thereby aiding in perfusion. Monitoring the client's level of consciousness and mental status (Option A) is important but not directly related to improving peripheral tissue perfusion in this case. Minimizing the use of tape on the client's skin (Option C) is a good practice to prevent skin damage but is not a priority for addressing ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion. Assessing extremity pulses, warmth, and capillary refill (Option D) is essential for evaluating perfusion status, but it is an assessment rather than an intervention to directly improve perfusion. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind interventions for ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in clients with DIC is crucial for nurses to provide effective care. Elevating the knees is a practical, evidence-based intervention that directly addresses the issue of poor perfusion in the extremities, highlighting the importance of targeted nursing interventions based on a thorough understanding of the client's condition.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. Which diagnostic tests should the nurse anticipate being ordered to rule out secondary causes? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In caring for a client with hypertension, the nurse may anticipate ordering diagnostic tests to identify any underlying secondary causes contributing to the elevated blood pressure. In this scenario, a cerebral angiogram would be the most appropriate test to rule out secondary causes such as intracranial abnormalities impacting blood pressure regulation. Option A, a cerebral angiogram, is correct because it assesses blood flow in the brain and can detect abnormalities like tumors or vascular malformations that could be causing the hypertension. Options B, C, and D are incorrect for ruling out secondary causes of hypertension. An intravenous pyelogram (option B) is used to visualize the urinary system, not typically associated with hypertension etiology. Renal ultrasonography (option C) focuses on the structure and size of the kidneys, valuable in assessing renal function but not the primary test for secondary causes of hypertension. Cardiac catheterization (option D) is more relevant for assessing coronary artery disease and cardiac function, less likely to reveal secondary causes of hypertension. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind diagnostic test selection is crucial for nurses to provide comprehensive care to clients with hypertension. It ensures appropriate interventions based on accurate diagnostic findings, enhancing patient outcomes and promoting a holistic approach to healthcare.