ATI RN
Respiratory Pediatric Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is concerned with the prevention of communicable disease. Primary prevention results from
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, preventing communicable diseases is crucial to ensuring the well-being of children. The correct answer is B) Immunizations. Immunizations are a key component of primary prevention because they help to protect individuals from contracting infectious diseases in the first place. By administering vaccines, the immune system is primed to recognize and fight off specific pathogens, reducing the risk of disease transmission and outbreak. Option A) Early diagnosis is a component of secondary prevention, which focuses on detecting and treating diseases in their early stages to prevent complications. While early diagnosis is important, it is not considered primary prevention like immunizations. Option C) Treatment of disease falls under tertiary prevention, which involves managing and treating existing conditions to prevent further complications or relapses. Treating a disease after it has already occurred is not considered primary prevention. Option D) Strict isolation is a measure taken in the case of an outbreak to prevent the spread of a communicable disease but is not a primary prevention strategy. It is a form of infection control and falls under the realm of outbreak management rather than primary prevention. In an educational context, understanding the different levels of prevention is essential for nurses to provide comprehensive care. By grasping the distinctions between primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, nurses can effectively implement strategies to promote health, prevent disease, and protect vulnerable populations like children from communicable diseases. Emphasizing the importance of immunizations as a primary prevention measure underscores the role of vaccines in safeguarding public health and reducing the burden of infectious diseases in pediatric populations.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse prepares the second diphtheria, tetanus toxoid, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) and second inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) immunization injections for an infant who is 4 months old. The nurse may also give which of immunizations during the same well-child-care appointment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, administering immunizations is a crucial aspect of preventive care. The correct answer, B) Haemophilus influenza type B (HIB), is recommended for infants at 4 months of age along with DTaP and IPV. HIB vaccine protects against serious infections like meningitis and pneumonia in young children. Option A, MMR, is typically given around 12-15 months of age, so it is not appropriate at 4 months. Option C, TIV (influenza), is recommended annually starting at 6 months, not at 4 months. Option D, Var (varicella), is usually given around 12-15 months as well. Educationally, understanding the recommended immunization schedule for infants is vital for nurses to ensure they provide the right vaccines at the right time, maximizing protection for the child. This question highlights the importance of knowledge of age-appropriate vaccines and their schedules in pediatric nursing practice.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is educating the parents of a child who has been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse should explain that ADHD
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) Is usually treated with medications and behavioral therapy. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is commonly diagnosed in childhood. Treatment for ADHD typically involves a combination of medications and behavioral therapy. Medications such as stimulants or non-stimulants are often prescribed to help manage symptoms like hyperactivity and impulsivity. Behavioral therapy, including parent training and behavior modification strategies, is also an essential part of managing ADHD in children. This comprehensive approach helps address both the biological and behavioral aspects of the disorder, leading to improved outcomes for the child. Option A) Is typically diagnosed in children aged 3 to 4 years is incorrect because while symptoms of ADHD often appear in early childhood, a formal diagnosis usually occurs after a comprehensive evaluation by healthcare professionals. Option B) Can be diagnosed through laboratory tests is incorrect because there is no single test to diagnose ADHD. Diagnosis is based on a thorough assessment of the child's symptoms, behavior, and developmental history. Option D) Has no known genetic factors is incorrect because research has shown that genetics play a significant role in the development of ADHD. There is a strong hereditary component to the disorder, with children more likely to have ADHD if a close relative also has the condition. Educationally, understanding the treatment options for ADHD is crucial for parents and caregivers of children with the disorder. By knowing that a combination of medications and behavioral therapy is typically recommended, they can work closely with healthcare providers to develop a comprehensive treatment plan that best meets the needs of their child. Additionally, dispelling misconceptions such as the need for laboratory tests or the absence of genetic factors helps ensure parents have accurate information to make informed decisions about their child's care.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child with a congenital heart defect. The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, caring for a child with a congenital heart defect requires a comprehensive understanding of the condition's impact on various body systems. The correct answer, option A, to prioritize monitoring the child's respiratory status is crucial due to the potential for respiratory complications in children with congenital heart defects. These children are at an increased risk of developing respiratory distress due to factors such as pulmonary congestion, decreased cardiac output, or compromised gas exchange. Monitoring the child's respiratory status allows the nurse to assess for signs of respiratory distress, such as increased work of breathing, cyanosis, or decreased oxygen saturation levels. Prompt identification of respiratory compromise enables early intervention, preventing further deterioration and improving outcomes for the child. Option B, promoting frequent rest periods, while important for conserving the child's energy and supporting recovery, is not the priority in this scenario. Similarly, option C, encouraging a high-calorie diet, may be important for promoting growth and development in children with congenital heart defects but does not address the immediate priority of respiratory status monitoring. Administering supplemental oxygen as prescribed, option D, may be necessary based on the child's oxygenation needs, but it is a dependent intervention that should follow a comprehensive assessment of the child's respiratory status. Only after assessing the child's respiratory status can the nurse determine the need for supplemental oxygen therapy. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind prioritizing interventions in caring for children with congenital heart defects is crucial for nursing students to provide safe and effective care. Emphasizing the importance of respiratory assessment in these cases highlights the interconnectedness of different body systems and the need for holistic care planning in pediatric nursing practice.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child with a burn injury. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric nursing, caring for a child with a burn injury requires a comprehensive approach. The priority intervention in this scenario should be option B: assessing the extent and depth of the burn. This is crucial as it guides the overall management plan for the child. Assessing the burn helps determine the severity of the injury, aids in calculating fluid resuscitation needs, and assists in preventing complications like infection and hypothermia. By prioritizing this assessment, the nurse can make informed decisions regarding wound care, pain management, and fluid replacement. Administering pain medications (option A) is important but should come after assessing the burn to ensure appropriate pain relief. Initiating IV fluids (option C) is essential in burn management but should be based on the assessment findings to prevent over or under resuscitation. Providing emotional support (option D) is valuable but should not take precedence over the critical assessment of the burn injury. In an educational context, understanding the priority interventions in pediatric burn care is vital for nurses to deliver safe and effective care. Emphasizing the significance of timely and accurate assessment allows nurses to intervene appropriately, minimize complications, and promote positive outcomes for pediatric patients with burn injuries.