ATI RN
Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is closely monitoring the intake and output of an infant with heart failure who is receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse should use which most appropriate method to assess urine output?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric cardiovascular nursing, monitoring intake and output is crucial in managing infants with heart failure on diuretic therapy. The most appropriate method to assess urine output in an infant is by weighing the diapers. This method allows for a non-invasive and continuous measurement of urine output, which is essential in detecting early signs of fluid imbalance in these vulnerable patients. Option A, inserting a foley catheter, is invasive and increases the risk of infection, especially in infants. It is not the first-line method for assessing urine output in this population. Option C, comparing intake with output, is important for overall fluid balance assessment but may not provide real-time information on urine output, which is crucial in infants with heart failure. Option D, measuring the amount of water added to the formula, does not directly measure urine output and may not accurately reflect the infant's true fluid status. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind choosing the appropriate method to assess urine output in infants with heart failure not only ensures accurate monitoring but also promotes safe and effective nursing care tailored to the specific needs of pediatric patients with cardiovascular conditions.
Question 2 of 5
The following are examples of acquired heart disease. Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In pediatric cardiovascular nursing, understanding acquired heart diseases is crucial for providing effective care. In this question, the correct answer is C) Rheumatic fever (RF). Rheumatic fever is an acquired heart disease that affects the heart, joints, skin, and brain. It is a systemic inflammatory disease that can result from inadequately treated streptococcal infections. Rheumatic fever can lead to permanent damage to the heart valves, causing rheumatic heart disease. Option A) Infective endocarditis is primarily an infection of the heart valves or inner lining of the heart chambers. While it can lead to acquired heart disease, it is not a direct example of acquired heart disease. Option B) Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart defect, not an acquired heart disease. It involves a narrowing of the aorta, which is present at birth. Option D) Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle, which can be either acquired or inherited. However, in the context of this question focusing on acquired heart diseases, it is not a direct example. Understanding the differences between acquired and congenital heart diseases is essential in pediatric cardiovascular nursing to accurately diagnose and manage conditions in young patients. Recognizing the etiology, symptoms, and implications of acquired heart diseases like rheumatic fever is crucial for providing comprehensive care to pediatric patients with cardiovascular conditions.
Question 3 of 5
Indomethacin is being given to an infant with a patent ductus arteriosus in an attempt to promote closure of the PDA. The nurse caring for this infant becomes concerned about adverse side effects when noticing:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, option A is the correct answer as it indicates adverse effects of indomethacin therapy in an infant with a patent ductus arteriosus. Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that can cause decreased urine output due to renal impairment, decreased platelets leading to increased bleeding risk, and abdominal distention as a sign of gastrointestinal issues. Option B is incorrect as increased blood pressure, tachycardia, and decreased oxygen requirements are not typically associated with adverse effects of indomethacin. Option C is also incorrect as increased urine output, increased white blood cell count, and increased reticulocyte count are not typical adverse effects of this medication. Option D is not related to the side effects of indomethacin in the context of treating a patent ductus arteriosus in an infant. Educationally, understanding the potential side effects of medications used in pediatric cardiovascular conditions is crucial for nurses to provide safe and effective care to infants with such conditions. Recognizing and managing adverse effects promptly can prevent complications and improve patient outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
After the nurse provides dietary restrictions to the parents of a child with celiac disease, which statement by the parents indicates effective teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) "Our child must maintain these dietary restrictions lifelong." This response indicates effective teaching because celiac disease is a lifelong autoimmune condition where individuals must adhere to a strict gluten-free diet to manage symptoms and prevent complications. By understanding the chronic nature of the disease and the necessity of lifelong dietary restrictions, the parents demonstrate comprehension of the long-term management required for their child's health. Option A is incorrect because celiac disease requires long-term dietary adherence regardless of symptom resolution. Option B is incorrect because dietary restrictions for celiac disease do not cease at adulthood but rather must be followed lifelong. Option D is incorrect as growth and development do not signify the end of dietary restrictions in celiac disease. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to provide accurate and clear information to parents of children with celiac disease to ensure proper management. Emphasizing the lifelong nature of dietary restrictions helps prevent misunderstandings and supports the child's long-term health outcomes. It is essential for healthcare providers to empower parents with the knowledge needed to effectively care for their child's condition.
Question 5 of 5
Cristina, a mother of a 4-year-old child tells the nurse that her child is a very poor eater. What’s the nurse’s best recommendation for helping the mother increase her child’s nutritional intake?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Allow the child to feed herself. This recommendation aligns with the developmental stage of a 4-year-old child. At this age, children are often exploring their independence and autonomy, including feeding themselves. Allowing the child to feed herself promotes self-regulation and independence, which can positively impact her eating habits. Option B) Using specially designed dishes for children may be appealing but does not directly address the issue of poor eating habits. It focuses more on presentation rather than the child's actual eating behavior. Option C) Only serving the child's favorite foods may limit the child's exposure to a variety of nutrients essential for growth and development. It may reinforce picky eating habits and hinder the child's willingness to try new foods. Option D) Allowing the child to eat at a small table and chair by herself may also promote independence but does not specifically target the issue of poor eating habits. It is important to focus on strategies that directly address the nutritional intake of the child. In an educational context, understanding the developmental stages of children is crucial when providing recommendations related to nutrition. Encouraging independence in feeding can foster positive eating behaviors and help establish healthy eating habits early in life. It is essential for nurses to consider age-appropriate strategies to support children and their families in promoting optimal nutrition and growth.