Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The Norwood procedure is a surgical technique used to treat hypoplastic left heart syndrome, a congenital heart defect where the left side of the heart is underdeveloped. In this procedure, the surgeon creates a new functional aorta and reconstructs the right ventricle to take over pumping blood to both the lungs and the body. This procedure is typically performed in 3 stages, with the first stage usually done in the first week of life. Providing client teaching about the Norwood procedure is important for the family to understand the surgery, postoperative care, and potential complications. It helps prepare them for what to expect and how to best support their infant through the surgical and recovery process.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The best description of the client education the nurse is presenting in this scenario is an important independent nursing function. Nurses are responsible for educating clients on how to make lifestyle changes to promote heart health, such as following a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular exercise, and managing stress. This education is a crucial aspect of nursing care and falls under the independent function of nurses, as it does not require a healthcare provider's order to implement. Nurses play a key role in empowering clients to take control of their health and well-being through education and support.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Early preeclampsia is a condition characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, commonly the liver and kidneys. Severe epigastric pain is a common symptom of this organ involvement. It is caused by liver distention due to the breakdown of red blood cells and platelets, which can lead to a condition known as HELLP syndrome. This manifestation is a significant indicator of early preeclampsia and requires prompt evaluation and intervention to prevent complications for both the mother and the baby. While the other options may be present in preeclampsia, severe epigastric pain is a more specific and concerning symptom requiring immediate attention.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Superficial venous thrombosis is a condition characterized by the formation of a blood clot in a superficial vein. The initial intervention for this condition is to apply warm, moist compresses to the affected area. The warmth can help to increase blood flow and promote the resolution of the clot. It also helps to reduce pain and inflammation in the area. Encouraging ambulation, taking aspirin, or administering methylergonovine are not appropriate interventions for superficial venous thrombosis and could potentially worsen the condition or lead to complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: - Elevating the client's knees on the bed or with a pillow can help improve venous return and promote circulation, ultimately enhancing peripheral tissue perfusion in a client with DIC.