ATI RN
Infection Control NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a school-aged child who has injured the right leg after a bicycle accident. Which signs and symptoms will the nurse assess for to determine if the child is experiencing a localized inflammatory response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. In this scenario, the child has injured the right leg, indicating a localized injury. Signs of a localized inflammatory response include edema (swelling), redness, tenderness, and loss of function in the affected area. Edema and redness occur due to increased blood flow and fluid accumulation at the site of injury. Tenderness is a result of irritation of nerve endings, and loss of function can occur due to pain and swelling limiting movement. Choice A is incorrect because malaise, anorexia, enlarged lymph nodes, and increased white blood cells are more indicative of a systemic inflammatory response rather than a localized one. Choice B is incorrect as chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, and vomiting are not typical signs of a localized inflammatory response. Choice C is incorrect as dizziness and disorientation are not specific signs of inflammation in a localized area. In summary, the signs and symptoms in choice D align with a localized inflammatory response
Question 2 of 5
The patient has contracted a urinary tract infection (UTI) while in the hospital. Which action will most likely increase the risk of a patient contracting a UTI?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Allowing the drainage bag port to touch the graduated receptacle increases the risk of contamination and infection as it can introduce bacteria into the urinary system. This can lead to a UTI. Reusing the receptacle (A) can also introduce bacteria but is not as direct as touching the port. Emptying the bag frequently (C) can actually decrease the risk by preventing bacterial buildup. Irrigating the catheter infrequently (D) is not ideal but is not directly related to the risk of contracting a UTI.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is observing a family member changing a dressing for a patient in the home health environment. Which observation indicates the family member has a correct understanding of how to manage contaminated dressings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because placing used dressings in a plastic bag helps contain and prevent the spread of contaminants. This practice reduces the risk of exposure to infectious materials. Option B is incorrect as saving part of the dressing can lead to contamination. Option C is incorrect because removing gloves before gathering items may lead to potential exposure. Option D is incorrect as wrapping the dressing in toilet tissue is not a secure method of containment. Overall, option A is the best choice for proper management of contaminated dressings.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has cultured positive for Clostridium difficile. Which action will the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because C. difficile spores are not effectively killed by alcohol-based hand sanitizers, so instructing assistive personnel to use soap and water is crucial for proper hand hygiene. Choice B is incorrect as N95 respirators are used for airborne precautions, not for C. difficile. Choice C is incorrect as C. difficile requires contact precautions, not droplet precautions. Choice D is incorrect as it is not directly related to preventing the spread of C. difficile.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse manager is evaluating current infection control data for the intensive care unit. The nurse compares past patient data with current data to look for trends. The nurse manager examines the infection chain for possible solutions. In which order will the nurse arrange the items for the infection chain beginning with the first step?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct order for the infection chain starts with the infectious agent or pathogen (B). This is the initial element that causes infection. Next is the reservoir or source for pathogen growth (D), where the pathogen resides and multiplies. Then comes the mode of transmission (A), which refers to how the pathogen is spread. Finally, the susceptible host (C) is the last in the chain, as they are the individual who can be infected. Understanding this sequence is crucial for effective infection control. The other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the logical progression of how infections occur in the chain.