The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 36 weeks gestation and is concerned about preterm labor. Which of the following is a key sign of preterm labor?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Regular contractions every 10 minutes or less. This is a key sign of preterm labor because regular contractions at this frequency could indicate the onset of labor before the full term. Contractions help to thin and dilate the cervix, leading to the birth of the baby. Decreased fetal movement (B) is a concerning sign but not a definitive indicator of preterm labor. Mild cramping and back pain (C) can be common in pregnancy and may not necessarily indicate preterm labor. Increased energy levels and appetite (D) are not typical signs of preterm labor, as the body usually shows signs of preparing for labor rather than increased energy levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor the patient's blood pressure and check for signs of preeclampsia. At 26 weeks gestation, headaches and blurred vision could be symptoms of preeclampsia, a serious condition in pregnancy. Monitoring blood pressure is crucial as high blood pressure is a key indicator. Preeclampsia can lead to severe complications for both the mother and baby if left untreated. Encouraging over-the-counter pain medication (Choice A) may mask symptoms without addressing the underlying cause. Rest and hydration (Choice C) are important, but immediate evaluation for preeclampsia is necessary. Scheduling a follow-up appointment (Choice D) delays potential diagnosis and treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. At 34 weeks gestation, headaches and visual changes can be signs of preeclampsia, a serious pregnancy complication. The nurse should first monitor the patient's blood pressure as elevated BP is a key indicator of preeclampsia. Assessing for other signs like proteinuria and edema is crucial for early detection and timely intervention. Encouraging rest and fluids (choice B) may not address the underlying issue. Administering pain medication (choice C) only masks symptoms without addressing the potential serious condition. Scheduling an eye specialist appointment (choice D) is not the priority as the symptoms are more indicative of a systemic issue like preeclampsia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Signs and symptoms of preterm labor and when to call the healthcare provider. This is the most crucial topic to prioritize at 24 weeks gestation because preterm labor can have serious consequences for both the mother and the baby. By educating the patient on the signs and symptoms of preterm labor, such as abdominal cramping, backache, or vaginal bleeding, the nurse can empower the patient to recognize these warning signs early and seek prompt medical attention, potentially preventing preterm birth. Choice B: Breastfeeding techniques and infant care, and Choice C: Postpartum care and family planning options are important topics but are more relevant for later stages of pregnancy or after delivery. Choice D: Managing pregnancy-related fatigue and morning sickness is also important but is generally not as urgent as being aware of signs of preterm labor.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Eat smaller meals more frequently throughout the day. This recommendation helps prevent overeating, which can contribute to heartburn. Smaller meals reduce pressure on the stomach, decreasing the likelihood of acid reflux. Eating more frequently also helps maintain stable blood sugar levels, which can further alleviate heartburn symptoms. Explanation for other choices: A: Over-the-counter antacids may provide temporary relief, but taking them regularly can lead to potential risks during pregnancy. C: Lying down immediately after eating can worsen heartburn symptoms as it allows stomach acid to flow back up into the esophagus. D: Drinking large amounts of water with meals can dilute stomach acid, but it may also distend the stomach and increase pressure, leading to heartburn.