The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient with an abdominal incision. The nurse provides a pillow to use during coughing. Which activity is the nurse promoting?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Splinting. By providing a pillow during coughing, the nurse is promoting splinting, which helps support the incision site and reduce pain by minimizing movement and preventing strain on the incision. This technique aids in deep breathing, coughing, and overall respiratory function postoperatively. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the primary focus of providing the pillow during coughing is not for pain relief, distraction, or anxiety reduction, but rather for supporting the incision site to prevent complications and promote healing.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cuffed 7-8 mm endotracheal tube. This size provides a balance between being large enough to secure the airway and small enough to pass through the nasal passage comfortably. The cuff helps to prevent air leakage and aspiration. A cuffed tube is essential for positive pressure ventilation and preventing gastric insufflation. Choices A and C are too narrow for an adult, risking airway obstruction and difficulty with ventilation. Choice B, an uncuffed tube, may not provide a secure airway and could lead to air leakage and aspiration.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Hypovolemia leads to decreased blood volume and potential hypothermia. 2. Administering warm normal saline helps prevent further decrease in body temperature. 3. Maintaining normal body temperature is crucial for optimal cellular function and metabolism. 4. Warm saline infusion supports the body's efforts to regulate temperature and prevent complications. Summary: A: Warm saline does not directly affect oxygen transport; oxygen binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells. C: Energy required for saline to enter circulation is not significantly impacted by its temperature. D: Cardiac output is influenced by various factors, but warming saline does not directly increase it.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: C: Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker used to prevent blood clot formation in a-fib/pulmonary embolism, decrease MI risk in atherosclerosis, and reduce stroke risk by lowering blood pressure and improving cardiovascular outcomes. Incorrect choices: A: Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used for angina but does not prevent blood clot formation or reduce stroke risk. B: Lotensin is an ACE inhibitor for hypertension, not specifically for preventing blood clots or reducing stroke risk. D: Streptokinase is a thrombolytic agent used to dissolve blood clots, not prevent their formation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Naloxone. Meperidine hydrochloride is an opioid analgesic that can cause respiratory depression. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that can reverse the respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose by competitively binding to opioid receptors. Administering naloxone can quickly reverse the adverse effects of meperidine overdose and restore normal respiratory function in the patient. Activated charcoal (A) is used to absorb toxins in the gastrointestinal tract but is not effective in reversing the effects of opioids. Atropine (B) is an anticholinergic drug used to treat bradycardia and not effective in reversing opioid overdose. Romazicon (C) is a benzodiazepine antagonist and not effective in reversing opioid overdose. In summary, naloxone is the correct intervention for reversing the adverse effects of meperidine hydrochloride overdose due to its opioid antagonist properties, while the other choices are not effective in this specific scenario