The nurse is caring for a patient with HIV who has diarrhea. Which of the following would be most therapeutic to teach the patient to avoid in the diet to reduce diarrhea?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Patients with HIV who have diarrhea should avoid consuming raw fruits and vegetables. Raw fruits and vegetables can be more difficult for the digestive system to break down, potentially worsening diarrhea. It is recommended to opt for cooked fruits and vegetables instead as they are easier to digest and less likely to irritate the gut. This can help reduce the frequency and severity of diarrhea in patients with HIV.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Paranasal sinuses are considered unfavorable sites in rhabdomyosarcoma staging.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In acute bronchitis, the highest priority in the teaching plan should focus on preventing the spread of infection. Washing hands frequently can help reduce the risk of spreading the infection to others or introducing new germs that could worsen the client's condition. Proper hand hygiene is one of the most important ways to prevent the transmission of respiratory infections, like bronchitis, by reducing the number of pathogens on the hands. This measure is important not only for the client's well-being but also for the health of those in close contact with the client.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Vernix caseosa is the grayish white, cheeselike substance that normally covers a newborn's skin at the time of birth. It is a natural substance produced by the baby's skin glands while in the womb. Vernix caseosa helps protect the baby's delicate skin from the amniotic fluid in the uterus and acts as a moisturizer as well. It also has antimicrobial properties, providing a barrier against infection. After birth, healthcare providers typically wipe off or gently wash the vernix from the baby's skin during the first bath.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Presence of intratumoral calcifications may warrant biopsy to rule out other diagnoses.