ATI RN
Immune System Medication Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with an allograft transplant. The physician orders a monoclonal antibody to prevent rejection of the transplant. What monoclonal antibody would the nurse expect to be ordered?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Identify the purpose - Monoclonal antibody for preventing transplant rejection. Step 2: Recall specific monoclonal antibodies used in transplants - Daclizumab is commonly used for this purpose. Step 3: Understand mechanism - Daclizumab targets IL-2 receptor on T-cells, inhibiting activation and preventing rejection. Step 4: Rule out other options - Alemtuzumab is used for leukemia, Erlotinib for cancer, and Omalizumab for asthma, not transplant rejection. Summary: Daclizumab is the correct choice as it specifically targets T-cell activation, unlike the other options meant for different conditions.
Question 2 of 5
What interleukin receptor antagonist would the nurse anticipate is most likely to be ordered for a patient, 25 years old, who has not responded to traditional antirheumatic drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anakinra (Kineret). Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist commonly used for patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have not responded to traditional antirheumatic drugs. It specifically targets interleukin-1, which plays a key role in the inflammatory response seen in rheumatoid arthritis. Natalizumab (A) is used for multiple sclerosis, Eculizumab (C) for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and Adalimumab (D) for rheumatoid arthritis but targets tumor necrosis factor-alpha, not interleukin-1.
Question 3 of 5
The patient has arrived in the short stay unit for an infusion of tositumomab with 131 tositumomab (Bexxar). Before beginning the infusion, the nurse assesses the patient's vital signs and finds the patient has a temperature of 101.5°F, What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Treating the fever before beginning the therapy. The priority action is to address the elevated temperature to prevent potential complications during the infusion. Treating the fever first ensures patient safety and minimizes the risk of adverse reactions. Notifying the physician (choice B) is important, but immediate intervention to lower the fever is crucial. Holding the infusion (choice A) until the patient is afebrile is appropriate, but addressing the fever promptly is the priority. Starting the infusion and informing the physician (choice C) without addressing the fever may lead to worsening of the patient's condition.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is writing a plan of care for a patient receiving immune suppressants for leukemia. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute pain related to central nervous system (CNS), gastrointestinal (GI), and flu-like effects. This is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis because immune suppressants commonly cause side effects like pain in the CNS, GI disturbances, and flu-like symptoms. The priority is to address the patient's immediate discomfort and provide appropriate pain management. Choice A (Anxiety related to diagnosis and drug therapy) may be a valid concern for the patient, but addressing acute pain is more urgent in this case. Choice C (Risk for infection related to immune stimulation) is incorrect because immune suppressants actually increase the risk of infection due to decreased immune response. Choice D (Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements) is not the most relevant nursing diagnosis for a patient receiving immune suppressants. Pain management takes precedence over addressing nutrition concerns.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B infection and has been prescribed an immune stimulant. After teaching the patient about the treatment plan, how might the nurse evaluate the effectiveness of teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because evaluating the patient's understanding of specific measures to avoid adverse effects is crucial when administering an immune stimulant for chronic hepatitis B. This knowledge ensures the patient's safety and helps prevent potential harm. Choices A and B focus on logistical aspects of medication administration, which are important but not as critical for evaluating teaching effectiveness in this situation. Choice C is also relevant, but monitoring positive effects alone does not provide a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's understanding. Therefore, choice D is the most appropriate option for assessing the patient's comprehension and ability to prevent adverse effects.