The nurse is caring for a patient with a newly diagnosed myocardial infarction (MI). Which intervention is a priority during the acute phase of the MI?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering pain relief and oxygen therapy. During the acute phase of a myocardial infarction (MI), the priority is to relieve pain and ensure adequate oxygenation to reduce myocardial damage. Pain relief helps alleviate discomfort and decrease stress on the heart. Oxygen therapy improves oxygen supply to the heart muscle. Choices B and C are not priorities during the acute phase as they may increase the workload of the heart. Choice D is important but not a priority during the acute phase when immediate interventions are crucial for patient safety.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: digestive enzymes. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and protease to aid in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestine. These enzymes break down food molecules into smaller nutrients that can be absorbed by the body. Bile (choice A) is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, not the pancreas. Gastric acid (choice B) is produced by the stomach to aid in the digestion of proteins. Insulin (choice D) is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels, not aid in digestion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The function of the villi in the small intestine is to absorb nutrients. Villi increase surface area for absorption. They contain blood vessels and lacteals that absorb digested nutrients. Villi do not produce digestive enzymes (A), bile (C), or store glycogen (D). Digestive enzymes are produced by the pancreas and bile by the liver. Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Contraction of pancreatic acini. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a hormone that is released in response to the presence of food in the small intestine. It stimulates the contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the pancreatic acini, leading to the release of digestive enzymes into the small intestine to aid in digestion. This action is crucial for the proper breakdown of food molecules. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because CCK does not have a direct effect on oesophageal motility, the sphincter of Oddi, or bile synthesis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because micelles are indeed clusters of cholesterol, fatty acids, bile salts, and 2 mono-glycerides formed in the small intestine during lipid digestion. This process aids in the absorption of lipids by increasing their surface area for enzymatic action. Choice A is incorrect as emulsified fat globules are not micelles, but rather the initial step in lipid digestion. Choice B is incorrect as pro-enzymes are not related to micelles. Choice C is incorrect as dead enterocytes are not involved in micelle formation.