Questions 9

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Fluid and Electrolytes ATI Questions

Question 1 of 5

The nurse is caring for a patient who is diaphoretic from a fever. The amount of sodium excreted in the urine will:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increased sweating (diaphoresis) leads to the loss of sodium and other electrolytes, resulting in higher sodium excretion in the urine.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse sees a variety of patients in the community health clinic. Which of the following patients would be at the greatest risk of dehydration?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Infants are particularly vulnerable to dehydration due to diarrhea, as they have a higher fluid turnover and less reserve.

Question 3 of 5

The renin and angiotensin systems help to maintain the balance of sodium and water in the body. What other functions do these systems serve?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The renin and angiotensin systems help to maintain the balance of sodium and water in the body and maintain healthy blood volumes.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is visiting an 84-year-old woman living at home and recovering from hip surgery. The woman seems confused and has poor skin turgor, and she states that ¢â‚¬Å“she stops drinking water early in the day because it is too difficult to get up during the night to go to the bathroom.¢â‚¬ The nurse explains to the woman that:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In elderly patients, the clinical manifestations of fluid and electrolyte disturbances may be subtle or atypical. For example, fluid deficit may cause confusion or cognitive impairment in the elderly person.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse assessing skin turgor in an elderly patient should remember that:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Inelastic skin turgor is a normal part of aging. Dehydration, not overhydration, causes inelastic skin with tenting. Overhydration, not dehydration, causes the skin to appear edematous and spongy. Normal skin turgor is dry and firm.

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