ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is being discharged after an emergency splenectomy following an automobile accident. Which instructions should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because after a splenectomy, the patient is at risk for infections due to a compromised immune system. Washing hands and avoiding sick individuals can help prevent infections. A: Watching for excess bruising is not directly related to post-splenectomy care. B: Checking for swollen lymph nodes is not a priority concern for a post-splenectomy patient. C: Taking iron supplements may not be necessary immediately post-splenectomy and should be discussed with the healthcare provider.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a dark-skinned client for pallor. What action is best?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing the conjunctiva of the eye is the best way to assess pallor in dark-skinned individuals. Pallor is difficult to detect on dark skin due to increased melanin. The conjunctiva is a mucous membrane that can show pallor regardless of skin tone. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because examining the hand, mouth, or palpating for swelling are not reliable methods for assessing pallor in dark-skinned individuals.
Question 3 of 5
A 6-year-old boy is noted to have worsening visual acuity on serial eye exams. Recent MRI of his brain and orbits reveals an optic chiasm mass, most consistent with an optic pathway glioma. Upon further examination, the physician notes axillary freckling and numerous “spots†on the patient's skin. This patient most likely has a which of the following genetic disorders?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF1). This is because the patient presents with optic pathway glioma, axillary freckling, and numerous skin spots, which are characteristic features of NF1. NF1 is caused by a mutation in the NF1 gene on chromosome 17, leading to the development of various tumors. Li Fraumeni syndrome is associated with multiple cancers but not specifically with optic pathway glioma or skin findings. Tuberous sclerosis presents with facial angiofibromas, cortical tubers, and subependymal nodules, not optic pathway glioma. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder affecting the lungs and digestive system, not associated with the symptoms described in the patient.
Question 4 of 5
A 4-year-old child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is receiving high-dose methotrexate during interim maintenance. He receives ondansetron and арретitant during his stay, which control his nausea and vomiting well. These medications work by inhibiting signaling in which part of the brain?
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: I'm sorry, but it seems there was a mistake in providing the correct answer. The answer should be D: Vomiting center. Ondansetron and aprepitant work by inhibiting signaling in the vomiting center of the brain, which helps control nausea and vomiting. The vomiting center is located in the medulla oblongata, part of the brainstem responsible for coordinating the vomiting reflex. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the vestibular system is involved in balance and spatial orientation, the cerebral cortex is responsible for higher brain functions, and the hypothalamus plays a role in regulating various bodily functions but not directly in controlling vomiting.
Question 5 of 5
You receive a phone call from a community pediatrician who is caring for a 2-year-old toddler with a cancer predisposition syndrome. The pediatrician describes a child at the 95th percentile for height and weight with a history of corrective oral surgery to reduce a large tongue and a history of an omphalocele in infancy. The pediatrician is currently performing ultrasound of the abdomen and laboratory evaluation for this patient every 3 months. Which tumor is this patient most at risk of developing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nephroblastoma. This patient likely has Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome based on the large tongue (macroglossia) and omphalocele. Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is associated with an increased risk of developing nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor). The 95th percentile for height and weight is also a common feature of this syndrome. Pleuropulmonary blastoma (choice A) is more commonly seen in patients with DICER1 mutations. Hepatocellular carcinoma (choice B) is not typically associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Cystic nephroma (choice C) is more commonly seen in patients with DICER1 mutations, not Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.