ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is being discharged after an emergency splenectomy following an automobile accident. Which instructions should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Patient's immune system is compromised post-splenectomy. Step 2: Washing hands and avoiding ill individuals reduce infection risk. Step 3: Emphasizing infection prevention crucial for patient safety. Summary: A - relates to clotting issues, B - not relevant, C - not immediate concern. Washing hands is most pertinent.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a dark-skinned client for pallor. What action is best?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess the conjunctiva of the eye. This is because pallor, which is paleness of the skin, can be difficult to detect on dark skin. The conjunctiva of the eye is a mucous membrane that is not pigmented and can provide a more accurate indication of pallor. Options B, C, and D are not ideal for assessing pallor in a dark-skinned client as they may not show paleness accurately. B is more related to checking for pallor in fair-skinned individuals. C and D are not reliable indicators of pallor in any skin type.
Question 3 of 5
A 6-year-old boy is noted to have worsening visual acuity on serial eye exams. Recent MRI of his brain and orbits reveals an optic chiasm mass, most consistent with an optic pathway glioma. Upon further examination, the physician notes axillary freckling and numerous “spots†on the patient's skin. This patient most likely has a which of the following genetic disorders?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF1). This is because the patient presents with optic pathway glioma, axillary freckling, and numerous skin spots, which are classic features of NF1. NF1 is associated with multiple neurocutaneous manifestations, including café-au-lait spots, neurofibromas, and optic pathway gliomas. Li Fraumeni syndrome (B) is a cancer predisposition syndrome characterized by a high risk of developing various cancers, not typically associated with optic pathway gliomas or skin manifestations. Tuberous sclerosis (C) presents with features like facial angiofibromas, cortical tubers, and cardiac rhabdomyomas, not axillary freckling or optic pathway gliomas. Cystic Fibrosis (D) is a genetic disorder affecting the lungs and digestive system, not associated with the symptoms described in the patient.
Question 4 of 5
A 4-year-old child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is receiving high-dose methotrexate during interim maintenance. He receives ondansetron and арретitant during his stay, which control his nausea and vomiting well. These medications work by inhibiting signaling in which part of the brain?
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
You receive a phone call from a community pediatrician who is caring for a 2-year-old toddler with a cancer predisposition syndrome. The pediatrician describes a child at the 95th percentile for height and weight with a history of corrective oral surgery to reduce a large tongue and a history of an omphalocele in infancy. The pediatrician is currently performing ultrasound of the abdomen and laboratory evaluation for this patient every 3 months. Which tumor is this patient most at risk of developing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why the correct answer is D, Nephroblastoma: 1. The child has a cancer predisposition syndrome, likely Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). 2. BWS is associated with an increased risk of developing Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma). 3. The large tongue, omphalocele, and overgrowth placing the child at the 95th percentile for height and weight are all characteristic features of BWS. 4. Therefore, the patient is most at risk of developing nephroblastoma. Summary of why the other choices are incorrect: A: Pleuropulmonary blastoma - Not typically associated with BWS or the described clinical features. B: Hepatocellular carcinoma - Not commonly linked to BWS or the clinical presentation provided. C: Cystic nephroma - Not a typical tumor associated with BWS or the clinical findings described in the patient.