The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone major abdominal surgery. The nurse notices that the patient's urine output has been less than 20 mL/hour for the past 2 hours. The patient's blood pressure is 100/60 mm Hg, and the pulse is 110 beats/min. Previously, the pulse was 90 beats/min with a blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg. The nurse should

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: The patient has signs of decreased urine output (oliguria), which can indicate inadequate kidney perfusion. Step 2: The patient's low urine output coupled with a drop in blood pressure and increased heart rate suggests hypovolemia. Step 3: Administering a normal saline bolus can help restore intravascular volume and improve kidney perfusion, addressing the underlying issue. Step 4: Contacting the provider for a prescription ensures timely intervention to prevent further complications like acute kidney injury. Summary: - Option B is incorrect because waiting for the provider may delay necessary treatment. - Option C delays immediate intervention for a potentially critical situation. - Option D is incorrect as ignoring oliguria in this context can lead to serious consequences.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: assess the hemofilter every 6 hours for clotting. This is crucial in CRRT as clotting can lead to decreased efficacy or even system failure. By checking the hemofilter regularly, the nurse can detect clot formation early and prevent complications. Assessing the blood tubing for warmth (A) is not a reliable indicator of clotting or malfunction. Covering dialysis lines to protect from light (C) is not necessary for CRRT monitoring. Using clean technique during vascular access dressing changes (D) is important for infection prevention but not directly related to hemofilter clotting in CRRT.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Hemodialysis involves fluid removal, which can lead to hypotension due to rapid changes in blood volume. 2. Hypotension is a common complication during hemodialysis sessions. 3. Patients on hemodialysis are at increased risk of hypotension due to decreased vascular tone. 4. Monitoring and managing hypotension is crucial to prevent further complications. Summary: B: Dysrhythmias are not commonly associated with hemodialysis for acute kidney injury. C: Muscle cramps may occur but are not as common as hypotension. D: Hemolysis is not a typical complication of hemodialysis for acute kidney injury.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: peritoneal fluid. The peritoneal fluid is the transcellular fluid associated with the intestines. It is found within the peritoneal cavity, which surrounds the abdominal organs, including the intestines. Peritoneal fluid helps lubricate the abdominal organs and allows them to move smoothly during digestion. Pericardial fluid (B) is found in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart, intrapleural fluid (C) is in the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs, and synovial fluid (D) is found in joint cavities. These fluids serve different purposes and are not directly associated with the intestines.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because normal blood pH is slightly basic, not acidic. Blood pH range is narrow (7.35-7.45) for optimal physiological function. A is incorrect because blood pH is slightly basic, not acidic. B is incorrect because the normal range of blood pH is indeed narrow. C is incorrect as it accurately describes the normal range of blood pH. Thus, D is the only statement that does not describe normal blood pH.