ATI RN
Concepts of Family Health Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has AIDS. Which outcome should receive priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Remain free of infection. This outcome should receive priority for a patient with AIDS to prevent further complications and deterioration of the immune system. Infection prevention is crucial in managing AIDS. A: Remaining socially active may be important but not the priority in this case. B: Reporting high self-esteem is beneficial but not directly related to the patient's health outcome. D: Maintaining baseline weight is important for overall health but not as critical as preventing infections in a patient with AIDS.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is collecting data for a patient with suspected exposure to HIV. Which symptoms would be most concerning in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because fever, diarrhea, and sore throat are common symptoms associated with acute HIV infection. Fever is often the first symptom, followed by other flu-like symptoms such as diarrhea and sore throat. These symptoms may indicate an acute retroviral syndrome, which occurs within 2-4 weeks of initial HIV infection. Tremors, edema, coughing (Choice A) are not typical symptoms of acute HIV infection. Urticaria, sneezing, pruritus (Choice C) are more indicative of allergic reactions or other non-HIV related conditions. Abdominal pain, anorexia, vomiting (Choice D) are also not specific to HIV infection.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the use of a condom to prevent the transmission of HIV with a young adult patient seeking testing for HIV. Which patient statement indicates an understanding of how to use a condom?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because withdrawing from the partner while the penis is erect helps prevent leakage of semen and reduces the risk of HIV transmission. Applying a condom before penile erection (Choice C) is incorrect as it may lead to condom slippage. Using a non-latex condom (Choice A) is important for those with latex allergies, but it doesn't address proper condom use. Applying oil-based lubricant (Choice B) is incorrect as it can weaken latex condoms, increasing the risk of breakage.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse notes that a patient with AIDS is prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim). For which opportunistic infection should the nurse realize that is this medication indicated?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is indicated for prophylaxis and treatment of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, a common opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS. This medication combination is effective in preventing this specific infection due to its spectrum of antimicrobial activity against Pneumocystis jiroveci. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is not primarily indicated for tuberculosis, cytomegalovirus retinitis, or Mycobacterium avium complex.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reinforcing teaching on the rising incidence of HIV in adults over the age of 50 with a group of senior community members. Which factors should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Older adults are less likely to use condoms due to factors such as decreased perception of risk and lack of awareness. Step 2: This places them at higher risk for HIV transmission. Step 3: Reinforcing education on condom use can help prevent HIV transmission in this age group. Step 4: Therefore, choice A is correct. Summary: Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the specific risk factors for HIV transmission in adults over 50. Choice B focuses on testing, while choices C and D mention general population trends and immune system function, which are not directly related to the increased HIV incidence in this age group.