ATI RN
Infection Control Quiz Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in protective environment. Which actions will the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintain airflow rate greater than 12 air exchanges/hr. In a protective environment, the primary goal is to reduce exposure to pathogens. Maintaining a high airflow rate helps to minimize the concentration of airborne contaminants. This action supports the concept of infection control by reducing the risk of transmission. Incorrect choices: A: Wearing an N95 respirator is more commonly associated with airborne precautions, not specific to protective environments. C: Negative-pressure airflow rooms are used for patients on airborne precautions, not necessarily in all protective environments. D: Opening drapes during the daytime does not directly impact the maintenance of a protective environment through airflow control.
Question 2 of 5
A client with an upper respiratory infection (common cold) tells the nurse, “I am so angry with the nurse practitioner because he would not give me any antibiotics.” What would be the most accurate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A - "Antibiotics have no effect on viruses." Rationale: 1. Antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections like the common cold. 2. Educating the client on this fact helps manage expectations and prevent unnecessary antibiotic use. 3. Option A provides accurate information and promotes appropriate antibiotic stewardship. Summary: B: Passing the responsibility to another healthcare provider does not address the client’s misunderstanding. C: Asking why the client thinks they need an antibiotic does not provide direct education about the ineffectiveness of antibiotics for viral infections. D: Agreeing with the client's request for antibiotics without providing accurate information reinforces misconceptions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is educating a rural community group on how to avoid contracting West Nile virus by using approved insect repellant and wearing proper coverings when outdoors. By what means is the pathogen involved in West Nile virus transmitted?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vectors. West Nile virus is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes, which serve as vectors for the pathogen. Mosquitoes become infected by feeding on birds that carry the virus. Direct contact (A) and indirect contact (B) are not common routes of transmission for West Nile virus. The virus is not transmitted through the air (C) but rather through the bite of an infected mosquito. Therefore, the most accurate means of transmission for the pathogen involved in West Nile virus is through vectors, making option D the correct choice.
Question 4 of 5
A client comes to the emergency department with major burns over 40% of his body. Although all of the following are true, which one would provide the rationale for a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Major burns disrupt the integrity of the skin, the body's first line of defense against infection. Step 2: Intact skin and mucous membranes protect against microbial invasion by acting as physical barriers. Step 3: When these barriers are compromised, such as in major burns, the risk for infection increases. Step 4: Therefore, the rationale for a nursing diagnosis of Risk for Infection in a client with major burns is due to the compromised protection provided by intact skin and mucous membranes.
Question 5 of 5
What are the recommended cleansing agents for hand hygiene in any setting when the risk of infection is high?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Antimicrobial products. Antimicrobial products are recommended for hand hygiene in high infection risk settings as they are specifically designed to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms, reducing the risk of spreading infections. Liquid or bar hand soap (A) may not be effective against all types of pathogens. Cold water (B) is not as effective in removing dirt and germs as hot water (C), but temperature alone does not eliminate microbes. Antimicrobial products have proven efficacy in reducing microbial load on hands, making them the most suitable choice for high infection risk settings.