ATI RN
Basics of Patient Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in preadmission testing. The patient has been assigned a physical status classification by the American Society of Anesthesiologists of ASA III. Which assessment will support this classification?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a patient with poorly controlled hypertension and an implanted pacemaker falls under ASA III classification due to significant systemic disease. This indicates a moderate to severe systemic disease that is not incapacitating but limits daily activity. Patients in this category require careful preoperative assessment and management. Choice A is incorrect as a normal, healthy patient would be classified as ASA I. Choice B is incorrect as denial of illnesses does not impact the ASA classification. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a patient in a moribund state, which would be classified as ASA IV or V.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following patients would most likely benefit from a needle decompression?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the patient presents with signs of tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening condition that can cause hypotension, jugular venous distention (JVD), and tracheal deviation. Needle decompression is the immediate intervention to release trapped air and restore lung function. Choices A, B, and D do not indicate a tension pneumothorax, so needle decompression would not be appropriate.
Question 3 of 5
Your adult patient is experiencing a prolonged episode of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia but remains stable at the present time. He denies chest pain, shortness of breath, and his skin is warm and dry. He has failed to convert to a normal sinus rhythm after receiving the max dosage of adenosine in succession. What is your next step?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Assess the situation - Patient is currently stable without any concerning symptoms. Step 2: Review previous treatment - Patient failed to convert with max dosage of adenosine. Step 3: Choose the next appropriate medication - Procainamide is recommended for stable patients with ongoing SVT not responding to adenosine. Step 4: Administer procainamide - It is effective in converting SVT and has a longer duration of action compared to adenosine. Summary: A: Verapamil is contraindicated in patients with stable SVT as it can cause hypotension. C: While expert consultation is valuable, immediate action is needed to manage the ongoing SVT. D: Administering Adenocard again is not recommended as it has already been tried at max dosage.
Question 4 of 5
You arrive on-scene of a seizure call to find a 22-year-old patient actively seizing. Family on scene reports the patient has an epileptic seizure disorder that sometimes causes seizures that last a minute or two. Today, the seizure has lasted for longer than fifteen minutes prior to your arrival without a break in the tonic-clonic phase. Your attempts to gain IV access are restricted due to the ongoing seizure activity. Which of the following is the drug of choice for intramuscular injection to control the prolonged seizure in this situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lorazepam. In this scenario, the patient is experiencing status epilepticus, a medical emergency where seizures persist without recovery between them. Lorazepam is the drug of choice for intramuscular injection to control prolonged seizures due to its rapid onset of action and efficacy in terminating seizures. It acts by enhancing the inhibitory effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, thereby suppressing seizure activity. Thiamine (A) is used to prevent or treat thiamine deficiency, not for seizure control. D50 (B) is used in hypoglycemic emergencies, not for seizures. Etomidate (D) is a general anesthetic, not indicated for seizure management.
Question 5 of 5
The CHARTE method and SOAP method are two methods utilized by paramedics to complete the narrative portion of the patient care report. Which of the following is not a component of the CHARTE method?
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: Step 1: The CHARTE method includes components: Chief complaint, History, Assessment, Rx (treatment), Transport, and Evaluation. Step 2: Each letter in CHARTE represents a key component of the patient care report. Step 3: "Transport" is a component in the CHARTE method, ensuring patients are safely transported to the appropriate facility. Step 4: Therefore, "Transport" is a part of the CHARTE method. This makes option A incorrect. Step 5: As "Transport" is a component, the correct answer is E: Chief complaint, which is not part of the CHARTE method.