ATI RN
Basics of Patient Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in preadmission testing. The patient has been assigned a physical status classification by the American Society of Anesthesiologists of ASA III. Which assessment will support this classification?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: ASA III classification indicates severe systemic disease. Step 2: Poorly controlled hypertension with a pacemaker indicates significant cardiovascular comorbidity. Step 3: Hypertension and pacemaker indicate a higher risk for anesthesia complications. Step 4: This assessment aligns with ASA III classification criteria. Summary: A is incorrect as it describes a healthy patient. B is incorrect as it does not indicate severe systemic disease. D is incorrect as it describes a moribund patient, not an ASA III classification.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following patients would most likely benefit from a needle decompression?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A 30-year-old male with hypotension, JVD, and tracheal deviation after chest trauma. This patient most likely has tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening condition where air accumulates in the pleural space causing mediastinal shift, JVD, and hypotension. Needle decompression is the initial treatment to relieve pressure and restore lung function. A: A chest wall contusion with absent breath sounds suggests a potential rib fracture but not a tension pneumothorax. B: Bilateral wheezing and difficulty breathing are more indicative of an asthma exacerbation or COPD exacerbation, not tension pneumothorax. D: Chest pain and productive cough are more commonly associated with conditions like pneumonia or bronchitis, not tension pneumothorax. In summary, the key features of tension pneumothorax are hypotension, JVD, and tracheal deviation after chest trauma, necessitating needle
Question 3 of 5
Your adult patient is experiencing a prolonged episode of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia but remains stable at the present time. He denies chest pain, shortness of breath, and his skin is warm and dry. He has failed to convert to a normal sinus rhythm after receiving the max dosage of adenosine in succession. What is your next step?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer procainamide. Procainamide is a Class I antiarrhythmic medication that can be used for the management of stable paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) when adenosine fails. Procainamide works by slowing conduction through the atrioventricular node and can help convert the patient to a normal sinus rhythm. Administering verapamil (Choice A) can be risky in patients with PSVT as it can potentially worsen the condition and cause hypotension. Obtaining expert consultation (Choice C) is always a good practice, but in this scenario, immediate intervention is needed. Administering Adenocard (Choice D) is not recommended as the patient has already received the max dosage of adenosine without converting to normal sinus rhythm.
Question 4 of 5
You arrive on-scene of a seizure call to find a 22-year-old patient actively seizing. Family on scene reports the patient has an epileptic seizure disorder that sometimes causes seizures that last a minute or two. Today, the seizure has lasted for longer than fifteen minutes prior to your arrival without a break in the tonic-clonic phase. Your attempts to gain IV access are restricted due to the ongoing seizure activity. Which of the following is the drug of choice for intramuscular injection to control the prolonged seizure in this situation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lorazepam. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that acts quickly to terminate seizures. In this scenario, where the seizure has lasted longer than fifteen minutes without stopping, it is considered status epilepticus and requires immediate treatment. Lorazepam can be given intramuscularly when IV access is not readily available. Thiamine (A) is used for alcohol-related seizures, not prolonged seizures. 50 percent dextrose (B) is for hypoglycemia-related seizures. Etomidate (D) is a general anesthetic, not used for seizure termination.
Question 5 of 5
The CHARTE method and SOAP method are two methods utilized by paramedics to complete the narrative portion of the patient care report. Which of the following is not a component of the CHARTE method?
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: The correct answer is E: Transport. In the CHARTE method, the components are Chief complaint, History, Assessment, Rx/Treatment, Transport, and Evaluation. Transport is not a component but rather a step in the patient care process. Chief complaint is the reason for the call, History is the patient's background, Assessment is the evaluation of the patient, Rx/Treatment is the actions taken, and Evaluation is the outcome. The other choices are incorrect because they are all integral components of the CHARTE method.