ATI RN
foundations of nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
The nurse is caring for a patient has just been given a 6-month prognosis following a diagnosis of extensive stage small-cell lung cancer. The patient states that he would like to die at home, but the team believes that the patients care needs are unable to be met in a home environment. What might you suggest as an alternative?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Discuss a referral for hospice care. Hospice care provides specialized care for patients with terminal illnesses, focusing on comfort and quality of life. This option aligns with the patient's wish to die at home and ensures his care needs are met. Hospice care also provides emotional and spiritual support for both the patient and family. A: Discuss a referral for rehabilitation hospital - This option focuses on rehabilitation, which is not suitable for a patient with a terminal illness like extensive stage small-cell lung cancer. B: Panel the patient for a personal care home - Personal care homes may not provide the level of specialized care needed for a terminally ill patient. C: Discuss a referral for acute care - Acute care is more focused on treating acute illnesses and injuries, not providing end-of-life care for a patient with a terminal illness.
Question 2 of 9
A patient is to undergo an ultrasound-guided core biopsy. The patient tells the nurse that a friend of hers had a stereotactic core biopsy. She wants to understand the differences between the two procedures.What would be the nurses best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because an ultrasound-guided core biopsy is indeed faster, less expensive, and does not use radiation. - "Faster": Ultrasound-guided biopsies are typically quicker compared to stereotactic biopsies, as they are performed in real-time using ultrasound imaging. - "Less expensive": Ultrasound-guided biopsies are generally more cost-effective than stereotactic biopsies due to the equipment and resources required. - "Does not use radiation": Unlike stereotactic biopsies which involve the use of X-rays for guidance, ultrasound-guided biopsies do not expose the patient to radiation, making them safer in that aspect. The other choices are incorrect because they either inaccurately state that ultrasound-guided biopsies use radiation (C), take more time (D), or imply a slight increase in cost without highlighting the key advantages of speed and lack of radiation (B).
Question 3 of 9
A patient is beginning an antiretroviral drug regimen shortly after being diagnosed with HIV. What nursing action is most likely to increase the likelihood of successful therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Addressing possible barriers to adherence. This is crucial because adherence to the antiretroviral drug regimen is key for successful therapy in HIV patients. By identifying and addressing barriers such as medication side effects, cost, or forgetfulness, nurses can help patients stay on track with their treatment. Other choices are incorrect: A: Promoting complementary therapies is not the priority in initiating antiretroviral therapy. Adherence to the prescribed regimen is more critical. C: Educating about the pathophysiology of HIV is important, but it may not directly impact the success of the therapy as much as addressing adherence barriers. D: While follow-up blood work is necessary, it is not as immediate and impactful as addressing adherence barriers at the beginning of therapy.
Question 4 of 9
A nurse is performing an assessment on a patientwho has not had a bowel movement in 3 days. The nurse will expect which other assessment finding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypoactive bowel sounds. When a patient has not had a bowel movement in 3 days, it indicates constipation. Constipation can lead to decreased peristalsis, resulting in hypoactive bowel sounds. Increased fluid intake (B) would be a potential intervention, not an expected assessment finding. A soft tender abdomen (C) may indicate other issues like inflammation or infection, not directly related to constipation. Jaundice in the sclera (D) is indicative of liver dysfunction, not a typical finding associated with constipation.
Question 5 of 9
A nurse is using Campinha-Bacote’s model of cultural competency to improve cultural care. Which actions describe the components the nurse is using?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: In Campinha-Bacote's model, the first component is "cultural awareness," which involves an in-depth self-examination of one's own background. Step 2: This self-examination helps nurses recognize their biases and assumptions, enabling them to provide culturally competent care. Step 3: By understanding their own culture, nurses can better understand and respect the cultural beliefs and practices of their patients. Step 4: This component is crucial for building trust and rapport with patients from diverse backgrounds. Step 5: Choices B, C, and D do not directly align with the cultural awareness component of Campinha-Bacote's model. B focuses on assessment, C on understanding diverse groups, and D on motivation, but they do not address the foundational self-examination required for cultural competency.
Question 6 of 9
A patient presents to the emergency department with paraphimosis. The physician is able to compress the glans and manually reduce the edema. Once the inflammation and edema subside, what is usually indicated?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Circumcision. Paraphimosis occurs when the foreskin is retracted behind the glans and cannot be returned to its original position. Once the inflammation and edema subside, circumcision is typically indicated to prevent recurrence. This procedure removes the foreskin, reducing the risk of future paraphimosis episodes. Needle aspiration of the corpus cavernosum (A) is not indicated for paraphimosis. Abstinence from sexual activity for 6 weeks (C) is not a standard treatment for paraphimosis. Administration of vardenafil (D) is used for erectile dysfunction and not indicated for paraphimosis.
Question 7 of 9
A new mother who is breastfeeding calls the clinic to speak to a nurse. The patient is complaining of pain in her left breast and describes her breast as feeling doughy. The nurse tells her to come into the clinic and be checked. The patient is diagnosed with acute mastitis and placed on antibiotics. What comfort measure should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform gentle massage to stimulate neutrophil migration. Gentle massage helps to promote drainage of the infected area by stimulating neutrophil migration, which aids in fighting the infection. This can help alleviate the pain and discomfort associated with acute mastitis. Cold compresses (choice A) may provide some relief, but they do not address the underlying issue of promoting neutrophil migration. Avoiding washing the breasts (choice C) is not recommended as maintaining good hygiene is important in preventing further infections. Avoiding wearing a bra (choice B) may not directly address the infection and may not be practical for the patient's daily activities.
Question 8 of 9
The nurse is planning the care of a patient who has a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis, which commonly affects both of her hands and forearms. What risk nursing diagnosis should the nurse include in the patients care plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Risk for Self-Care Deficit Related to Skin Lesions. Patients with atopic dermatitis may experience difficulty performing self-care tasks due to pain, itching, and limitations in hand mobility caused by skin lesions. This diagnosis addresses the potential challenges the patient may face in maintaining personal hygiene and managing their skin condition. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: A: Risk for Disturbed Body Image Related to Skin Lesions - While atopic dermatitis may impact body image, the priority in this case is the patient's ability to perform self-care. B: Risk for Disuse Syndrome Related to Dermatitis - Disuse syndrome is not typically associated with atopic dermatitis. C: Risk for Ineffective Role Performance Related to Dermatitis - This diagnosis focuses on the patient's ability to fulfill their roles, which may not be directly impacted by atopic dermatitis.
Question 9 of 9
Which instructions should thNe UnuRrsSe IinNclGudTeB w.hCenO tMeaching a pregnant patient with Class II heart disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because pregnant patients with Class II heart disease should avoid strenuous activity to prevent further strain on the heart. Strenuous activity can increase the risk of complications in these patients. Option A is incorrect as excessive weight gain can exacerbate heart disease. Option C is incorrect because limiting fluid intake can lead to dehydration, which is harmful during pregnancy. Option D is incorrect as a diet high in calcium is not specifically indicated for pregnant patients with Class II heart disease.