ATI RN
Immune System Medication Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who recently underwent a liver transplant. What immunosuppressant could this patient be prescribed that would treat both diagnoses?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Anakinra is a recombinant, human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis by reducing inflammation. Step 2: Anakinra does not have significant liver toxicity, making it suitable for a patient who recently underwent a liver transplant. Step 3: Anakinra targets the immune system to reduce inflammation in RA, making it an appropriate immunosuppressant for the patient. Step 4: Adalimumab (Humira) and Sirolimus (Rapamune) are not typically used to treat RA or liver transplant patients. Step 5: Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) can be used for immunosuppression but has more potential for liver toxicity compared to Anakinra, making it less suitable for this patient.
Question 2 of 5
All transplant drugs have the same advisory, to use caution when administering them with another immunosuppressant drug because of the increased risk for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Infection. When transplant drugs are combined with other immunosuppressant drugs, the immune system is further weakened, increasing the risk of infections. This is because immunosuppressants reduce the body's ability to fight off pathogens. Nausea and vomiting (A), edema (B), and anemia (C) are not directly linked to the interaction between transplant drugs and other immunosuppressants. Infections are the primary concern due to the compromised immune response.
Question 3 of 5
Your patient is receiving basiliximab and develops cytokine release syndrome. You would expect to see:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chills. Basiliximab is a monoclonal antibody used to prevent organ rejection by suppressing the immune system. Cytokine release syndrome is a common side effect characterized by the rapid release of cytokines, leading to symptoms such as fever, chills, and flu-like symptoms. Chills specifically indicate an acute systemic inflammatory response, which is a hallmark of cytokine release syndrome. The other choices (A: Coughing, C: Tremors, D: Weakness) are not typically associated with cytokine release syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
The father of a 4-month-old infant calls in to the clinic reporting that his child is having a reaction to immunizations. What is the most important piece of information the nurse should elicit?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The signs and symptoms the infant is experiencing. This is the most important information because it helps determine the severity and type of reaction the infant is having. By knowing the specific signs and symptoms, the nurse can assess whether it is a mild or severe reaction and provide appropriate guidance or intervention. Choice A (The time the immunization was received) may be important for tracking purposes but does not provide immediate information on the infant's condition. Choice B (Whether the father has given the infant any acetaminophen) is relevant but not as crucial as knowing the actual symptoms. Choice D (The sites used to administer the immunizations) is less important compared to knowing the symptoms, as the reaction can occur regardless of the administration sites.
Question 5 of 5
A 38-year-old migrant farm worker is seen in the clinic with a cut to his arm from an old metal drum. The patient has sutures placed, and a tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine is given. What is the nurse's most important action after the vaccine has been administered?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because providing the patient with a vaccine information statement in their primary language ensures they have essential information about the vaccine they received, including potential side effects, benefits, and risks. This empowers the patient to make informed decisions about their health. Option B is incorrect because while knowing the last tetanus booster date is important, it is not the most crucial action immediately after administering the vaccine. Option C is incorrect as monitoring for side effects should be ongoing, not just immediately after immunization. Option D is also incorrect as providing a record of immunization is important but not as critical as ensuring the patient has information about the vaccine in their primary language for immediate understanding.