ATI RN
Immune System Medication Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who recently underwent a liver transplant. What immunosuppressant could this patient be prescribed that would treat both diagnoses?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer A: Anakinra (Kineret): 1. Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist used to treat RA by reducing inflammation. 2. It does not suppress the immune system globally, making it safer for a patient with a recent liver transplant. 3. Anakinra can effectively treat RA without compromising the patient's immune system post-transplant. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: Adalimumab (Humira) is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor commonly used for RA but poses a risk of immunosuppression post-liver transplant. C: Sirolimus (Rapamune) is an mTOR inhibitor used as an immunosuppressant post-transplant but is not typically prescribed for RA. D: Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) is a calcineurin inhibitor used as an immunosuppressant post-transplant, but it is not indicated
Question 2 of 5
All transplant drugs have the same advisory, to use caution when administering them with another immunosuppressant drug because of the increased risk for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Infection. When transplant drugs are administered with another immunosuppressant, the immune system is further suppressed, increasing the risk of infections. This is because the body's ability to fight off harmful pathogens is compromised. Nausea and vomiting (A), edema (B), and anemia (C) are not directly related to the interaction of transplant drugs with other immunosuppressants. Infection is the most critical concern due to the weakened immune response.
Question 3 of 5
Your patient is receiving basiliximab and develops cytokine release syndrome. You would expect to see:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Basiliximab is a monoclonal antibody that can cause cytokine release syndrome, characterized by flu-like symptoms such as chills. This occurs due to the rapid release of cytokines in response to the antibody, leading to systemic inflammatory response. Coughing, tremors, and weakness are not typically associated with cytokine release syndrome. Therefore, the correct answer is B (Chills).
Question 4 of 5
The father of a 4-month-old infant calls in to the clinic reporting that his child is having a reaction to immunizations. What is the most important piece of information the nurse should elicit?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The signs and symptoms the infant is experiencing. This is important because it helps determine the severity of the reaction and guide appropriate interventions. Understanding the specific symptoms can aid in differentiating between a mild versus severe reaction. Options A, B, and D are not as critical because knowing the exact time of immunization, administering acetaminophen, or the sites of administration do not provide immediate information on the infant's current condition and necessary actions.
Question 5 of 5
A 38-year-old migrant farm worker is seen in the clinic with a cut to his arm from an old metal drum. The patient has sutures placed, and a tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine is given. What is the nurse's most important action after the vaccine has been administered?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because providing the patient with a vaccine information statement in their primary language is crucial for informed consent and ensuring the patient understands the vaccine they received. This helps in addressing any concerns or questions the patient may have. B is incorrect because determining the exact date of the patient's last tetanus booster is important but not as immediate as providing vaccine information to the patient. C is incorrect because documenting side effects is important but not the most immediate action required after administering the vaccine. D is incorrect because providing the patient with a record of the immunization is also important but not as critical as ensuring the patient receives information about the vaccine they just received.