The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with a cerebral tumor. For which function should the nurse expect to assess an abnormality?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A cerebral tumor in the frontal lobe may affect movement and speech, as this area contains the motor cortex and Broca's area. Reflex movements are controlled by the spinal cord, coordination by the cerebellum, and heart rate by the medulla. Assessing movement and speech is critical for localizing the tumor's effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Parkinson disease is caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain, leading to motor symptoms such as tremors and rigidity. Multiple sclerosis and ALS involve different neurological mechanisms, while seizure disorders are related to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Dopamine's role in motor control is critical to understanding Parkinson disease.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter responsible for stimulating digestive activity by increasing the secretion of digestive enzymes and promoting smooth muscle contractions. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and adrenaline are stress hormones that inhibit digestive activity by diverting blood flow away from the digestive system and prioritizing other physiological responses. Therefore, acetylcholine is the most likely signaling molecule to increase digestive activity compared to the other choices.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because an agonist mimics the action of the endogenous neurotransmitter by binding to its receptor. This leads to activation of the receptor and physiological response. Choice A is incorrect as an agonist does not block a receptor. Choice B is incorrect as it describes a reuptake inhibitor, not an agonist. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to a calcium channel blocker, not an agonist. In conclusion, an agonist activates a receptor by binding to it, unlike the other choices which describe different mechanisms of action.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Identify the disease - Japanese encephalitis is caused by a virus transmitted by mosquitoes. Step 2: Understand the role of a vaccine - a vaccine stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies to fight the virus. Step 3: Vaccines prevent future infections - by administering a vaccine for Japanese encephalitis, individuals can develop immunity and prevent the disease. Step 4: Therefore, the correct answer is D because a vaccine is available to prevent Japanese encephalitis. Summary: A, B, and C are incorrect because there are no vaccines available for eastern equine encephalitis, western equine encephalitis, and West Nile encephalitis, respectively.