The nurse is caring for a homeless client who has been seen in the mobile clinic every week for the past month because of a foot infection. Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse most likely identify as the priority?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ineffective Health Maintenance related to homelessness. This is the priority nursing diagnosis because the client's foot infection needs immediate attention to prevent complications. Ineffective Health Maintenance addresses the client's inability to manage health and seek medical care, which is crucial in this case. A: Social Isolation is not the priority as the client is receiving regular care and interaction in the mobile clinic. C: Chronic Low Self-Esteem may be a concern but is not as urgent as addressing the foot infection. D: Imbalanced Nutrition is not directly related to the client's current issue of a foot infection.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Running amok. A culture-bound syndrome is a psychological disorder specific to a certain culture or region. Running amok is a term used in Southeast Asia to describe a sudden outburst of violent behavior. Epilepsy, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder are not culture-bound syndromes as they are recognized and diagnosed worldwide. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it fits the definition of a culture-bound syndrome.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Having the support of friends is important for mental health, but relying solely on two friends for support may not be sufficient. A well-rounded support system includes various sources such as family, mental health professionals, and community resources. This ensures diverse perspectives and availability of support in different situations. Choices A, B, and D are all valid measures to promote mental health. A: Nutritious foods provide essential nutrients for brain function. B: Relaxation helps reduce stress and promotes mental well-being. D: Sufficient sleep is crucial for mood regulation and cognitive function. Hence, choice C indicates a need for additional teaching on the importance of a comprehensive support network.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because insomnia, particularly early morning awakening, is a common symptom of major depressive disorder. This symptom is often associated with the inability to fall back asleep and can lead to significant fatigue and impairment during the day. It is important to note that sleep disturbances are a key criterion for diagnosing depression. A, B, and C are incorrect because restlessness (choice A) is more commonly associated with anxiety disorders, excessive studying for future goals (choice B) may indicate high achievement motivation rather than depressive symptoms, and unintentional weight loss (choice C) can be a sign of various medical conditions but is not specific to major depressive disorder.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide a commonly understood diagnostic category for clinical practice. The DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision) is primarily used to standardize the classification of mental disorders for diagnosis and treatment planning in clinical practice. It helps clinicians communicate effectively by providing a common language and set of criteria for diagnosing mental health conditions. Choice B is incorrect because the DSM-IV-TR focuses on classification rather than treatment modalities. Choice C is incorrect as the DSM-IV-TR does not focus on identifying etiologies based on family histories but rather on symptom criteria and patterns. Choice D is incorrect as the DSM-IV-TR does not provide specific optimal treatment outcomes but rather aids in accurate diagnosis and classification.