ATI RN
FNP Pediatric Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with thrombocytopenia. What is the best way to protect this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count in the blood, which can lead to abnormal bleeding and bruising. Using the smallest needle possible for injections helps minimize the risk of causing bleeding or bruising in clients with thrombocytopenia. Larger needles can cause more tissue damage and increase the chances of bleeding complications in these individuals. Therefore, using the smallest needle possible is the best way to protect the client from potential harm related to their condition.
Question 2 of 5
When can a donor and recipient of blood be considered compatible?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Compatibility between a donor and recipient of blood is determined by testing for compatibility of blood types. The most common blood typing systems are ABO and Rh. In compatibility testing, both the donor and recipient blood samples are mixed in the laboratory. If there is no clumping (agglutination) or hemolysis (rupture of red blood cells) observed when the samples are mixed, then the donor and recipient are considered compatible. Clumping or hemolysis indicates an incompatible blood transfusion, which can lead to serious complications like agglutination, blood clotting, or immune responses. Therefore, the absence of clumping or hemolysis is a key indicator of blood compatibility in transfusion medicine.
Question 3 of 5
What discharge teaching is most important to help the patient who has had a splenectomy prevent infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients who have had a splenectomy are at increased risk for infections, particularly those caused by encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. To prevent these infections, it is essential for these patients to receive vaccines against these bacteria. Vaccines recommended for patients who have had a splenectomy include the pneumococcal vaccine, meningococcal vaccine, and Hib vaccine. These vaccines help boost the body's immunity and provide protection against potentially life-threatening infections. It is important for healthcare providers to educate patients about the importance of receiving these vaccines to prevent infections post-splenectomy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse has been teaching an adult who has iron deficiency anemia about those foods that she needs to include in her meal plans. Which of the following, if selected, would indicate to the nurse that the client understands the dietary instructions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables are good sources of vitamin C and non-heme iron, which can help improve iron absorption in individuals with iron deficiency anemia. Bananas and nuts do not have a direct impact on iron absorption. Coffee and tea contain compounds that can inhibit iron absorption. Dairy products, while an important part of a balanced diet, do not specifically aid in improving iron levels. Thus, selecting citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables indicates that the client understands the dietary instructions provided by the nurse to manage iron deficiency anemia.
Question 5 of 5
A client with suspected lung cancer is scheduled for thoracentesis as part of the diagnostic workup. The nurse reviews the client's history for conditions that might contraindicate this procedure. Which condition is a contraindication for thoracentesis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A bleeding disorder is a contraindication for thoracentesis because the procedure involves inserting a needle through the chest wall into the pleural space to drain fluid. Individuals with a bleeding disorder are at an increased risk of bleeding complications during and after the procedure. It is important to ensure adequate clotting function before performing a thoracentesis to prevent excessive bleeding. If a client has a bleeding disorder, alternative diagnostic methods may need to be considered to minimize the risks associated with the procedure.