ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Quiz Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension. Which of the following drugs should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dyazide (B), a diuretic combo, treats hypertension by reducing blood volume. Mexiletine (A) is an antiarrhythmic, digoxin (C) treats heart failure, warfarin (D) is an anticoagulant.
Question 2 of 5
Approximately what percentage of carbon dioxide is found in expired air?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Expired air contains about 4-5% carbon dioxide, significantly higher than the 0.04% in atmospheric air, due to CO₂ exhalation from metabolism. 20% and 40% are too high, reflecting oxygen or total gas misconceptions.
Question 3 of 5
In a client with mitral regurgitation the nurse would expect to see which of the following signs and symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mitral regurgitation causes blood to flow back into the left atrium, leading to pulmonary congestion and exertional dyspnea (shortness of breath with activity). Crushing chest pain is more typical of myocardial infarction, and elevated WBC suggests infection, not regurgitation directly.
Question 4 of 5
After receiving a permanent pacemaker, the client asks the nurse if there are any activities to avoid during a vacation scheduled for 4 months after discharge. Which of the following is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Four months post-pacemaker, most activities are safe, but strong electromagnetic fields (e.g., running engines) can interfere with pacemaker function. Microwaves and swimming are generally safe once healed.
Question 5 of 5
Excessive alcohol use while on warfarin sodium (Coumadin) therapy leads to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Excessive alcohol increases warfarin's anticoagulation effect by impairing liver metabolism, raising bleeding risk. INR increases (not decreases, B), and vitamin K absorption (D) is unaffected; A is the opposite effect.