The nurse is caring for a client with an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. Which of the following nursing measures should be included in the client's plan of care?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Incorporate frequent rest periods into the client's schedule. Rest periods are essential for managing ulcerative colitis exacerbations as they help reduce stress on the digestive system. Antidiarrheal medications (A) may worsen the condition by masking symptoms and delaying appropriate treatment. High-fiber diets (C) can aggravate symptoms in some individuals with ulcerative colitis. Wearing a gown (D) is unrelated to managing ulcerative colitis exacerbations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: verbalize absence of epigastric pain. This outcome is most appropriate as it directly relates to the client's condition of peptic ulcer disease. Verbalizing the absence of epigastric pain indicates that the client's ulcer is healing and symptoms are improving. It is a measurable and specific goal that reflects the client's progress in managing the disease. Choice B is incorrect as vitamin B12 injections are not typically necessary for peptic ulcer disease. Choice C is incorrect as exercise may not directly impact the ulcer and may even exacerbate symptoms. Choice D is incorrect as eliminating stress completely is unrealistic and may not directly impact the ulcer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. For a client with viral hepatitis, limiting activity helps prevent fatigue and aids in recovery. Excessive activity can worsen symptoms. Choice B is incorrect because a low-calorie diet may not provide enough nutrients for the body to fight the infection. Choice C is incorrect as large meals can strain the liver and worsen symptoms. Choice D is incorrect as any alcohol intake can further damage the liver in viral hepatitis. In summary, choice A is correct as it promotes rest and aids recovery, while the other choices can potentially worsen the condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale for choice A: Pain, fever, and abdominal rigidity are classic signs of a leaking anastomosis after gastric resection surgery. Pain indicates inflammation, fever suggests infection, and abdominal rigidity points to peritonitis. These symptoms are indicative of a surgical complication that requires immediate attention to prevent further complications like sepsis. Summary of other choices: B: Diarrhea with fat in the stool is more indicative of malabsorption issues, such as pancreatic insufficiency, rather than a leaking anastomosis. C: Palpitations, pallor, and diaphoresis after eating are more suggestive of cardiovascular issues or anxiety rather than a leaking anastomosis. D: Feelings of fullness and nausea after eating are common postoperative symptoms and do not specifically indicate a leaking anastomosis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vitamin B12 injections. Pernicious anemia results from a lack of intrinsic factor, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the intestines. Therefore, the client with this disorder will need vitamin B12 injections to bypass the need for intrinsic factor. Choice B (Vitamin B6 injections) is incorrect because pernicious anemia specifically involves a deficiency in vitamin B12, not B6. Choice C (An antibiotic) is incorrect as antibiotics are not indicated for pernicious anemia. Choice D (An antacid) is also incorrect as it does not address the underlying issue of vitamin B12 deficiency caused by the lack of intrinsic factor.