ATI RN
Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). To adhere to standard precautions, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Standard precautions are guidelines put in place to prevent the transmission of infectious agents. When caring for a client with AIDS, it is important for the nurse to wear gloves when providing mouth care to prevent the transmission of any potential infectious agents through contact with the client's saliva or blood. Maintaining strict isolation, keeping the client in a private room, or wearing a gown when delivering the client's possible food tray are not necessary as part of standard precautions for a client with AIDS.
Question 2 of 5
A client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is admitted with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. During a bath, the client begins to cry and says that most friends and relatives have stopped visiting and calling. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is important for the nurse to listen and show interest as the client expresses their feelings in this situation. The client's emotional distress is a valid response to feeling abandoned by friends and family during a difficult time. By providing a supportive and empathetic presence, the nurse can help the client feel valued and understood, promoting emotional well-being and potentially increasing the client's sense of comfort and trust in the healthcare setting. This approach validates the client's feelings and fosters therapeutic communication, which is crucial in providing holistic care to individuals with complex health needs such as AIDS and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. It is essential to acknowledge and address the client's emotional needs in addition to their physical care.
Question 3 of 5
A client with suspected lymphoma is scheduled for lymphangiography. The nurse should inform the client that this procedure may cause which harmless, temporary change?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lymphangiography is a procedure in which a contrast dye is injected into the lymphatic vessels to help identify abnormalities. One harmless, temporary change that a client may experience after lymphangiography is the passing of bluish urine. This happens as a result of the contrast dye being excreted in the urine, causing it to temporarily change color. It is important for the nurse to inform the client about this possibility to prevent unnecessary worry or concern after the procedure. No concerns are associated with purplish stools, redness of the upper part of the feet, or coldness of the soles after a lymphangiography.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following problems associated with anemia best explains why Aisa becomes dizzy during periods of physical activity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anemia is a condition characterized by a decreased number of red blood cells or hemoglobin, which can result in inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues and organs, including the brain. When Aisa engages in physical activity, her body's oxygen demand increases. However, due to her anemia, there is a reduced capacity to transport oxygen to meet the increased demand. This mismatch between oxygen supply and demand leads to insufficient oxygen reaching her brain, resulting in dizziness. This symptom is consistent with the explanation of insufficient cerebral oxygenation in the context of anemia.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is admitted for a splenectomy. Why is an injection of Vit. K ordered before surgery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K plays a crucial role in the production of clotting factors in the liver. Patients undergoing a splenectomy may be at an increased risk of bleeding during and after surgery due to the decreased availability of these clotting factors. Administering Vitamin K before the surgery helps to correct any potential clotting problems, ensuring proper hemostasis and reducing the risk of excessive bleeding during the procedure. This preoperative intervention can help optimize the patient's coagulation status and improve their outcomes postoperatively.