ATI RN
Client Comfort and End of Life Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who reports pain relief after acupuncture. What does the nurse understand about this response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse understands that acupuncture relieves pain by releasing endorphins, as needle stimulation triggers the nervous system to release these natural painkillers, modulating pain perceptiona key mechanism in its efficacy for chronic pain. Choice A, blocks nerve impulses, is partialnerve signaling shifts, but endorphin release is primary, not direct blockade like anesthetics. Choice B, reduces inflammation, isn't central; some blood flow effects occur, but pain relief ties to neurochemicals. Choice D, increases blood flow, contributes but isn't the main driverendorphins dominate. Choice C is correct, informing nursing carenurses recognize acupuncture's holistic benefit, supporting its use as an adjunct, monitoring relief duration, and integrating it with other therapies for sustained comfort.
Question 2 of 5
Which intervention should the nurse in charge try first for a client that exhibits signs of sleep disturbance?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a client with sleep disturbance, the nurse should start with the least invasive, most natural intervention: providing normal sleep aids like pillows, back rubs, and snacks (Choice D). These promote comfort and relaxation without medication or complex techniques, addressing common causes like discomfort or anxiety. Administering sleeping medication (Choice A) is a last resort due to risks like dependency and side effects, reserved for when simpler methods fail. Asking about sleep quantity (Choice B) is assessment, not intervention, and doesn't immediately improve sleep. Teaching relaxation techniques (Choice C) is effective but requires skill and time, making it less immediate than basic aids. For example, adjusting pillows or offering a warm snack can quickly ease a client into sleep by mimicking natural routines, aligning with holistic care principles. If ineffective, the nurse can escalate to other options, but starting with Choice D ensures safety, simplicity, and patient-centered care, making it the correct first step.
Question 3 of 5
Which document addresses the client's right to information, informed consent, and treatment refusal?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Patient's Bill of Rights (Choice B) is a legal and ethical document ensuring clients' rights to information about their care, informed consent before procedures, and refusal of treatment without coercion. Adopted by healthcare facilities, it empowers patientse.g., a client can refuse surgery after understanding risks. Standards of Nursing Practice (Choice A) outline professional expectations for nurses, not patient rights. The Nurse Practice Act (Choice C) defines nursing scope and licensure by state, focusing on practitioners, not patients. The Code for Nurses (Choice D), from the ANA, guides ethical nursing behavior but isn't a patient-facing rights document. For instance, if a client asks about chemotherapy risks, the Bill of Rights mandates full disclosure and consent, not the Code. Choice B directly addresses these autonomy rights, making it the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse in charge is caring for an Italian client. He's complaining of pain, but he falls asleep right after his complaint and before the nurse can assess his pain. The nurse concludes that:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An Italian client complaining of pain then falling asleep suggests cultural expressiveness and fatigue, leading to the conclusion he may have a low pain threshold (Choice A). Italian heritage often correlates with vocalizing discomfort readily (per cultural studies, e.g., Zborowski), meaning small pain feels significant, yet sleep indicates exhaustion, not absence of pain. Faking pain (Choice B) assumes deceit without evidence; sleep doesn't disprove his report. Someone else medicating him (Choice C) is speculativeno record or timing supports this. Pain going away (Choice D) is unlikely, as sudden resolution wouldn't cause instant sleep. For example, postoperative pain might overwhelm him, prompting a loud complaint, then fatigue takes over. He may still need analgesia upon waking. Choice A reflects cultural sensitivity and clinical reasoning, making it correct.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse teaches the parents of a toddler about normal sleep patterns for this age group. How many hours of sleep per night is normal near the end of this stage?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Toddlers (1-3 years) have evolving sleep needs, decreasing from infancy's 14-17 hours. Near the end (around 3 years), '10-12 hours' is normal, per pediatric sleep norms (e.g., National Sleep Foundation), totaling 11-14 hours daily with naps. '7-8 hours' is too low, typical for older children or adults, risking fatigue or developmental delaye.g., a 3-year-old sleeping only 8 hours might be irritable. '8-10 hours' underestimates; while some toddlers manage, most need more for growth (e.g., brain development via REM). '12-15 hours' fits younger toddlers or infants, not the stage's end, where naps shorten. For instance, a 3-year-old might sleep 11 hours nightly plus a 1-hour nap, aligning with Choice C. Nursing education, per Taylor, stresses age-specific norms to guide parents, making 10-12 hours the correct, evidence-based answer.