ATI RN
Client Comfort and End of Life Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who reports no pain relief after taking a newly prescribed analgesic. What would the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse would first assess the client's pain further when a newly prescribed analgesic fails, as lack of relief could stem from wrong dose, pain type (e.g., neuropathic vs. somatic), or timing issues. Detailed assessment (e.g., intensity, quality) pinpoints why it's ineffective, guiding next steps. Choice A, administering a different analgesic, risks error without dataswapping blindly may not address the cause. Choice C, telling the client to wait, delays care; if relief hasn't started within expected onset (e.g., 30-60 minutes for oral), waiting won't help. Choice D, reporting to the physician, may follow, but nurses assess first to provide informed input. Choice B is correct, reflecting nursing's systematic approachreassessing ensures accurate diagnosis (e.g., breakthrough pain) and tailored action, like adjusting dose or type, preventing prolonged suffering and optimizing the new prescription's impact.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who reports pain relief after acupuncture. What does the nurse understand about this response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse understands that acupuncture relieves pain by releasing endorphins, as needle stimulation triggers the nervous system to release these natural painkillers, modulating pain perceptiona key mechanism in its efficacy for chronic pain. Choice A, blocks nerve impulses, is partialnerve signaling shifts, but endorphin release is primary, not direct blockade like anesthetics. Choice B, reduces inflammation, isn't central; some blood flow effects occur, but pain relief ties to neurochemicals. Choice D, increases blood flow, contributes but isn't the main driverendorphins dominate. Choice C is correct, informing nursing carenurses recognize acupuncture's holistic benefit, supporting its use as an adjunct, monitoring relief duration, and integrating it with other therapies for sustained comfort.
Question 3 of 5
A female patient is receiving furosemide (Lasix), 40 mg P.O. b.i.d. In the plan of care, the nurse should emphasize teaching the patient about the importance of consuming:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic that increases urine output, commonly used to treat edema or hypertension, but it also causes significant potassium loss, a condition called hypokalemia. The nurse must educate the patient to consume potassium-rich foods to counteract this side effect. Bananas and oranges (Choice B) are excellent sources of potassiumbananas contain about 400 mg per medium fruit, and oranges around 240 mgmaking them ideal choices to maintain electrolyte balance. Fresh green vegetables (Choice A) like spinach offer some potassium but are less concentrated than bananas and oranges, and their primary benefit lies in vitamins like A and C. Lean red meat (Choice C) is rich in protein and iron but low in potassium, while creamed corn (Choice D) is high in carbohydrates and sodium, not potassium. Hypokalemia can lead to muscle cramps, arrhythmias, or fatigue, so prioritizing potassium intake is critical. Teaching the patient to include bananas and oranges ensures they address the diuretic's most significant electrolyte impact, making Choice B the best answer.
Question 4 of 5
Which intervention should the nurse in charge try first for a client that exhibits signs of sleep disturbance?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For a client with sleep disturbance, the nurse should start with the least invasive, most natural intervention: providing normal sleep aids like pillows, back rubs, and snacks (Choice D). These promote comfort and relaxation without medication or complex techniques, addressing common causes like discomfort or anxiety. Administering sleeping medication (Choice A) is a last resort due to risks like dependency and side effects, reserved for when simpler methods fail. Asking about sleep quantity (Choice B) is assessment, not intervention, and doesn't immediately improve sleep. Teaching relaxation techniques (Choice C) is effective but requires skill and time, making it less immediate than basic aids. For example, adjusting pillows or offering a warm snack can quickly ease a client into sleep by mimicking natural routines, aligning with holistic care principles. If ineffective, the nurse can escalate to other options, but starting with Choice D ensures safety, simplicity, and patient-centered care, making it the correct first step.
Question 5 of 5
Which document addresses the client's right to information, informed consent, and treatment refusal?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Patient's Bill of Rights (Choice B) is a legal and ethical document ensuring clients' rights to information about their care, informed consent before procedures, and refusal of treatment without coercion. Adopted by healthcare facilities, it empowers patientse.g., a client can refuse surgery after understanding risks. Standards of Nursing Practice (Choice A) outline professional expectations for nurses, not patient rights. The Nurse Practice Act (Choice C) defines nursing scope and licensure by state, focusing on practitioners, not patients. The Code for Nurses (Choice D), from the ANA, guides ethical nursing behavior but isn't a patient-facing rights document. For instance, if a client asks about chemotherapy risks, the Bill of Rights mandates full disclosure and consent, not the Code. Choice B directly addresses these autonomy rights, making it the correct answer.