ATI RN
Dewits Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to receive metoprolol (Lopressor). What should the nurse teach the client about this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metoprolol (Lopressor) is a beta-blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure, angina, and heart failure. One common side effect of beta-blockers is orthostatic hypotension, which can cause a drop in blood pressure when changing positions from lying down to sitting or standing. To prevent dizziness or fainting due to this side effect, clients taking metoprolol should be advised to change positions slowly to allow their body to adjust and minimize the risk of falls or injury.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about the different types of angina. Which client statement indicate the need for follow up teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prinzmetal angina, also known as variant angina, is not typically associated with strenuous exercise. It is a type of angina that occurs at rest, often during the night or early morning hours. It is caused by a temporary spasm of the coronary arteries, leading to a decrease in blood flow to the heart muscle. Clients with Prinzmetal angina may experience chest pain, often with changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) during an episode. Therefore, the client's statement about Prinzmetal angina occurring with strenuous exercise is incorrect and indicates the need for follow-up teaching.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted to labor and delivery. What should the nurse recognize as risk factors for disseminating intravascular coagulation (DIC)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a serious condition characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade and consumption of clotting factors, leading to both thrombosis and bleeding. Risk factors for DIC include conditions that cause significant tissue injury, which can trigger the coagulation pathway.
Question 4 of 5
Which is true about the physiology of neuroendocrine compensatory mechanism?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the statement accurately reflects the physiology of the neuroendocrine compensatory mechanism. When there is a decrease in cardiac output, the body activates the sympathetic nervous system and releases catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. These catecholamines help increase heart rate, contractility, and vasoconstriction to maintain blood pressure and perfusion to vital organs. This compensatory mechanism aims to overcome the decreased cardiac output and maintain adequate tissue perfusion in response to stress or reduced blood flow.
Question 5 of 5
A urine dipstick test reveals a trace amount of protein. The nurse identifies which nursing diagnosis as appropriate for the client at this time?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A trace amount of protein in the urine dipstick test can indicate proteinuria, which can be a sign of kidney dysfunction. The presence of protein in the urine may lead to fluid retention and potential imbalances in fluid volume. Therefore, the appropriate nursing diagnosis in this situation would be "Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume," as monitoring and management of fluid balance would be crucial for the client's overall health and prevention of further complications related to kidney function.