ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has just undergone cardiac angiography. The catheter insertion site is free from bleeding or signs of hematoma. The vital signs and distal pulses remain in the client's normal range. The intravenous fluids were discontinued. The client is not hungry or thirsty and refuses any food or fluids, asking to be left alone to rest. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "You are recovering well from the procedure and resting is a good idea." This response acknowledges the client's autonomy and respects their desire for rest after the procedure. It also recognizes the client's normal vital signs and absence of complications. Encouraging rest promotes healing and reduces the risk of complications. Choice B is incorrect because forcing the client to walk may not be appropriate immediately after the procedure, especially if the client is fatigued or not feeling well. Choice C is incorrect because the client is not thirsty and forcing fluids may lead to discomfort. It's important to respect the client's preferences and monitor for signs of dehydration. Choice D is incorrect because while leg exercises are important for circulation, the client's immediate need for rest should be prioritized. It is essential to balance activity with rest based on the client's condition.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a patient newly admitted with acute heart failure (HF). Which of the following laboratory/diagnostic results would indicate the presence of significant HF?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: BNP of 1000 pg/mL. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is released by the heart in response to increased pressure and volume overload, which commonly occurs in heart failure. A BNP level of 1000 pg/mL indicates significant HF. Choice B: Sodium of 150 is not specific to HF and may indicate dehydration or other electrolyte imbalances. Choice C: Potassium of 5.7 mEq/L is high but not specific to HF. It could result from kidney dysfunction or medication use. Choice D: pH of 7.30 may indicate acidosis, which can occur in various conditions, not just HF. In summary, BNP is a more specific marker for HF compared to the other choices.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has a VVIR mode pacemaker. The nurse knows that this pacemaker is characterized by which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because in a VVIR mode pacemaker: 1. Ventricular pacing: The pacemaker paces the ventricle. 2. Atrial sensing: It senses the atrial activity for timing. 3. Triggered response to sensing: It responds by pacing the ventricle after sensing an event. 4. Rate modulated: It can adjust the pacing rate based on the patient's physiological needs. Therefore, choice C accurately describes the characteristics of a VVIR mode pacemaker. Incorrect choices: A: Incorrect because it mentions atrial pacing, which is not a feature of VVIR mode. B: Incorrect because it includes ventricular sensing, which is not a feature of VVIR mode. D: Incorrect because it mentions ventricular sensing and inhibited response to sensing, which are not characteristics of VVIR mode pacemaker.
Question 4 of 5
The client is experiencing a drug-drug interaction with streptokinase and another drug. Which other drug can cause a drug-drug interaction with streptokinase?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Heparin is known to increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with streptokinase. 2. Both drugs have anticoagulant properties, leading to a synergistic effect on bleeding risk. 3. Streptokinase enhances the activity of heparin, potentially causing excessive bleeding in the client. 4. This interaction highlights the importance of monitoring clotting parameters when these drugs are used together. Summary of incorrect choices: A: Cimetidine - Not known to interact significantly with streptokinase in terms of bleeding risk. B: Theophylline - Does not have a direct pharmacological interaction with streptokinase. D: Digoxin - Does not impact the bleeding risk associated with streptokinase.
Question 5 of 5
The client has an IV and is experiencing tissue necrosis at the site of the IV. What drug might be causing this?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: An alpha agonist. Alpha agonists can cause vasoconstriction, leading to decreased blood flow and tissue necrosis at the IV site. Digoxin (A) is a cardiac glycoside used for heart conditions, not associated with tissue necrosis. Beta blockers (C) reduce heart rate and blood pressure, not causing tissue necrosis. Calcium channel blockers (D) relax blood vessels and are not typically linked to tissue necrosis.