The nurse is caring for a child requiring cyclosporine to prevent rejection. Cyclosporine is given to adults using a dosage of 15 mg/kg. The nurse calculates the child's dosage is 20 mg/kg. What is the nurse's priority action?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Calculate correct pediatric dose: Child's weight x 20 mg/kg = X mg 2. Compare X mg to ordered dose: If X mg is within safe range, administer the drug. 3. Administering the drug is crucial for preventing rejection. 4. Holding the dose without confirmation may delay treatment. Summary: - Choice B: Questioning the provider should be done after administering the drug. - Choice C: Incident report is needed only if the incorrect dose has been given. - Choice D: Notifying the supervisor is not necessary if the correct dose is administered.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Provide written and oral education about the use of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy. This is the best action because antiretroviral therapy has been proven to significantly reduce the risk of perinatal transmission of HIV. By educating the patient about the importance and benefits of adhering to antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy, the nurse can help protect the fetus from contracting HIV. A: Providing contact information for an AIDS support group may be helpful, but it does not directly address preventing perinatal transmission. B: Educating the patient about the risks is important, but it is crucial to also provide actionable steps like antiretroviral therapy. C: Notifying the CDC is not within the nurse's scope of practice and may not directly benefit the patient in preventing perinatal transmission.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: At the same laboratory at approximately the same time of day whenever possible. This is important for accurate comparison of CD4+ counts over time. Different labs or varying times can lead to inconsistent results. Choice B is incorrect as fasting is not necessary for CD4+ count testing. Choice C is incorrect because CD4+ count testing should be done before taking antiretroviral medications. Choice D is incorrect as consistency in time and lab location is crucial for reliable CD4+ count monitoring.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). 2. EBV infects B cells and can lead to lymphoproliferative disorders, especially in immunocompromised individuals. 3. In transplant recipients, EBV reactivation can cause PTLD due to suppressed immune function. 4. Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus, and Human immunodeficiency virus are not typically associated with PTLD. Summary: - A: Cytomegalovirus is not the correct answer as it is not primarily linked to PTLD. - B: Herpes simplex virus does not cause PTLD; it mainly causes cold sores and genital herpes. - D: Human immunodeficiency virus can lead to AIDS-related lymphomas but is not the primary virus associated with PTLD.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Continuing all other drugs as prescribed ensures optimal management of her underlying health condition during pregnancy. 2. Abruptly discontinuing other medications could lead to worsening of her condition or potential risks to the fetus. 3. Stopping belatacept immediately is not recommended as the patient has already made an informed decision to continue it. 4. Consulting with a genetic counselor may be beneficial but is not directly related to the immediate need of managing her medications during pregnancy.