The nurse is caring for a 3½-year-old child with autism who has been hospitalized. The child rocks continuously without any danger present to the child's safety. Which intervention by the nurse would be most appropriate?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ignore the child's rocking behavior. This is the most appropriate intervention because rocking without any danger does not require immediate intervention. It is a self-soothing behavior often seen in children with autism. By ignoring the behavior, the nurse avoids reinforcing it and allows the child to engage in self-regulation. Monitoring the behavior (choice A) is appropriate but does not actively address the behavior. Holding the child (choice B) may disrupt the child's coping mechanism. Placing the child in time out (choice D) is not appropriate as it may be perceived as punishment and increase distress.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). SAMHSA is a government agency that provides the most up-to-date evidence-based research, programs, and practices related to mental illness and addictions. They offer resources for healthcare professionals to access reliable information and guidelines for treatment and interventions. SAMHSA is specifically focused on mental health and substance abuse issues, making it the most appropriate choice for the nurse to consult. The other options, such as the American Psychiatric Association, American Psychological Association, and Clinician's Quick Guide to Interpersonal Psychotherapy, may have relevant information but do not specialize in mental illness and addictions like SAMHSA does.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because asking the patient to use a daily log to record feelings and circumstances related to urges to purge promotes self-awareness and insight into triggers. This intervention helps the patient develop coping strategies and identify patterns that contribute to the behavior. Choice A focuses on monitoring physical aspects, which may not address the underlying emotional issues. Choice B promotes weight gain, which is not the primary goal in treating bulimia nervosa. Choice D may not address the emotional and psychological aspects of the disorder. In summary, choice C is the most effective in promoting independence by empowering the patient to understand and manage their impulses.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Their limited options. Abused individuals, especially children and the elderly, are often in a dependent position with limited resources or support networks, making it difficult for them to leave the abusive situation. This dependency creates a power imbalance, leaving them with few alternatives to escape the abuse. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The love they have for parents or children does not explain why they are at risk of abuse. C: The need to feel safe at home is actually compromised in abusive situations, so it does not explain why they are at risk. D: The fact that other relatives do not want them is not a universal reason for abuse and does not address the underlying issue of limited options leading to vulnerability.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because ECT does use electrical stimulation to targeted areas of the brain, leading to seizure activity and therapeutic effects. Choice A is incorrect because ECT does require informed consent. Choice B is incorrect as ECT is actually used to treat severe cases of major depression. Choice D is incorrect as ECT does not use transcranial magnetic stimulation; it uses electrical currents.