The nurse is aware that the following symptoms is most commonly an early indication of stage 1 Hodgkin's disease?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Night sweat. Night sweats are a common early symptom of Hodgkin's disease, particularly in stage 1. This can be due to the body's response to the cancer cells. Pericarditis (A) is inflammation of the lining around the heart and is not typically an early symptom of Hodgkin's disease. Splenomegaly (C) is enlargement of the spleen, which can occur in later stages of the disease. Persistent hypothermia (D) is not a common symptom of Hodgkin's disease. Night sweats are a key indicator for healthcare providers to consider further evaluation for Hodgkin's disease.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Altered level of consciousness. Hepatic encephalopathy is characterized by cognitive impairment and changes in consciousness due to liver dysfunction. It is the most common clinical manifestation seen in patients with this condition. Increased urine output (A), decreased tendon reflex (C), and hypotension (D) are not typical features of hepatic encephalopathy. Altered level of consciousness is directly related to the toxic effects of ammonia on the brain, which is the underlying mechanism in hepatic encephalopathy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: The role of a technician involves providing direct care and assistance to clients. Step 2: Feeding and bathing a catatonic client falls under the scope of direct care. Step 3: Administering medications (Choice A) is typically done by nurses. Step 4: Coordinating care (Choice C) involves more of a managerial or leadership role. Step 5: Disseminating information (Choice D) is usually done by educators or counselors. In summary, choice B is correct as it aligns with the direct care responsibilities of a technician, while the other choices involve tasks typically performed by different healthcare professionals.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Somatoform Pain Disorder. This disorder is characterized by persistent, severe pain without any identifiable physical cause. In this case, the individual's low back pain has been investigated with negative results, indicating no physical basis for the pain. This aligns with the criteria for somatoform pain disorder. A: Somatization Disorder involves a history of multiple, recurrent physical complaints across various organ systems, not just focused on pain. B: Hypochondriasis is characterized by excessive fear of having a serious illness, whereas this individual's pain is the primary concern. C: Conversion Disorder involves neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by medical evaluation, such as paralysis or blindness, which is not the case here. In summary, the individual's unexplained, persistent pain fits the criteria for Somatoform Pain Disorder, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Severe. This classification is based on the child's IQ score of 45, which falls within the range for severe mental retardation. Children with severe mental retardation typically have significant limitations in communication, social skills, and daily living activities. The IQ score of 45 indicates a significant intellectual impairment affecting the child's overall functioning. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they correspond to different levels of mental retardation that do not align with the child's IQ score and functional limitations.