ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Book Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is aware that the following solutions are routinely used to flush an IV device before and after the administration of blood to a patient is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 0.9 percent sodium chloride (normal saline) is the standard solution used to flush IV devices before and after blood transfusions. It is isotonic and compatible with blood products, preventing hemolysis or clotting. Dextrose solutions and sterile water are not used because they can cause hemolysis of red blood cells. Heparin sodium is used for maintaining patency in certain IV lines but is not suitable for blood transfusions. Therefore, normal saline is the correct choice for flushing IV devices in this context.
Question 2 of 5
Tricyclic antidepressants:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like amitriptyline have a high volume of distribution due to lipophilicity, not low, making that false. They're not useful in urinary retention (they cause it as a side effect) but are effective for chronic pain via monoamine modulation, so that's partially false. They can prolong the QT interval by blocking cardiac sodium channels, a true statement and significant risk factor for arrhythmias. They don't block monoamine oxidase (MAO) but inhibit reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, increasing synaptic levels, so that's false. They treat severe depression, even with suicidal ideation, though caution is needed. The QT prolongation is a critical electrophysiological effect, requiring ECG monitoring in clinical use to prevent torsades de pointes.
Question 3 of 5
A male client has erectile dysfunction. Which systems should be assessed that could contribute to the erectile dysfunction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erectile dysfunction (ED) often stems from cardiovascular issues, like atherosclerosis or hypertension, which impair blood flow to the penis, a vascular process essential for erection. The integumentary system, while relevant to skin health, doesn't directly influence ED unless severe conditions affect genital tissue, which is rare. Endocrine disorders, such as diabetes or low testosterone, disrupt hormonal balance critical for libido and erectile function, making it a key area. The nervous system, including spinal cord injuries or neuropathy, affects nerve signals for arousal, another vital component. Cardiovascular assessment is prioritized because ED can signal underlying heart disease, with shared risk factors like smoking or high cholesterol, and its vascular basis often precedes overt cardiac symptoms, necessitating a thorough check of circulation and heart health to pinpoint or rule out this common cause.
Question 4 of 5
The patient is complaining of a severe headache. The physician orders aspirin. Which action by the nurse will result in the fastest relief of the patient's headache?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin on an empty stomach absorbs fastest, speeding headache relief by avoiding food delays-fatty meals like peanut butter slow gastric emptying, reducing onset. Alkaline foods may alter pH but don't hasten absorption significantly. Enteric-coated forms delay release for GI protection, not speed. Empty stomach delivery maximizes bioavailability quickly, aligning with pain relief urgency.
Question 5 of 5
A drug for which research has shown an adverse effect in animals but not in pregnant women would be categorized as Category
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.