The nurse is aware of which statement to be true regarding the incidence of testicular cancer?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Men with a history of cryptorchidism are at the greatest risk for the development of testicular cancer. This is because cryptorchidism, which is the condition of undescended testicles, is a known risk factor for testicular cancer. When the testicles do not descend properly, there is an increased likelihood of cancer development. This statement is true as individuals with cryptorchidism have a higher risk of testicular cancer compared to those without this condition. Other choices are incorrect: A: Testicular cancer is not the most common cancer in men aged 30 to 50 years. Prostate cancer is more common in this age group. B: The early symptoms of testicular cancer are not pain and induration. Common symptoms include painless testicular swelling or a lump. D: The cure rate for testicular cancer is actually high, especially when detected early. This statement is incorrect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice B being correct: 1. Renal autoregulation maintains a constant glomerular filtration rate (GFR). 2. If the collecting tubule reabsorbs less water, it helps regulate the body's fluid balance. 3. Reabsorbing less water in the collecting tubule helps prevent excessive fluid loss or retention. 4. This process ensures that the body maintains appropriate blood volume and blood pressure. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: Loop of Henle reabsorbs ions, not more sodium and chloride ions. C: Afferent arterioles constrict to decrease GFR, not dilate to increase it. D: Efferent arterioles constrict to maintain GFR, not dilate to allow faster blood flow.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because tubular reabsorption refers to the process of reabsorbing substances, including water, from the renal tubules back into the bloodstream. This process occurs mainly in the proximal convoluted tubule and loop of Henle, not the distal convoluted tubule as stated in choice B. Choice A is incorrect because tubular reabsorption does not specifically eliminate wastes; that is the role of tubular secretion. Choice C is incorrect because tubular reabsorption does not directly control blood pH by removing H+ ions from the filtrate; that is primarily done through the kidneys' buffering systems. Overall, choice D is the most accurate as it reflects the primary function of tubular reabsorption in returning water back to the blood.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: Answer A is correct because during menopause, there is uterine and ovarian atrophy due to decreased estrogen levels, leading to a thinning of the vaginal epithelium. This is a common physiological change associated with menopause. Summary of other choices: B: Incorrect - Increased vaginal secretions and clitoral size do not typically occur with menopause. C: Incorrect - Cervical hypertrophy and increased acidity of vaginal secretions are not common changes seen with menopause. D: Incorrect - Vaginal mucosa fragility and uterine hypertrophy are not typical changes associated with menopause.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.