The nurse is attending to a client who was diagnosed with heart failure. During the examination, the nurse observes that the client is dyspneic with crackles upon auscultation. Which symptoms would manifest for a client with excess fluid volume?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hypertension is a symptom of excess fluid volume in heart failure, as fluid overload increases blood pressure. Dyspnea and crackles indicate pulmonary edema, consistent with fluid excess. Decreased CVP and flat veins suggest fluid deficit, opposite to this scenario. Weight loss occurs with fluid loss, not gain. Per nursing fundamentals (e.g., Potter & Perry), fluid volume excess raises BP due to increased preload, making C the correct choice for NCLEX-style assessment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Platelet count of 300,000 mm3 is normal (150,000-450,000), requiring documentation only. Increased or decreased notifications, or meds , are unnecessary. Nurses, per NCLEX, document normal labs accurately, making B correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Unaffected side is correct for thoracentesis, allowing access to the affected lung's pleural space. Affected side , prone , or Sims' hinder procedure safety. Nurses, per NCLEX, position for optimal drainage.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Chronic pain is defined by its persistence, typically lasting longer than six months, often outlasting the initial injury or illness that caused it. Unlike acute pain, it doesn't serve a protective function and can significantly impact a person's quality of life, including physical, emotional, and social well-being. Choice A is incorrect because quick resolution is a trait of acute pain, not chronic. Choice C is wrong as chronic pain affects more than just physical healthit often leads to psychological distress, like depression or anxiety, and social isolation. Choice D is misleading because chronic pain isn't always sharp; it can be dull, aching, or variable in intensity. Choice B correctly identifies the key characteristic of chronic painits duration exceeding six monthsmaking it a critical focus for long-term management in nursing care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fatigue is most associated with persistent exhaustion, a deep, unrelenting tiredness that doesn't fully resolve with rest and often accompanies chronic conditions, stress, or sleep deficits. This distinguishes it from temporary tiredness, impacting physical and mental functioning. Choice A, increased alertness, is the opposite of fatigue, which clouds awareness and slows responses. Choice C, improved concentration, doesn't fitfatigue often causes brain fog,' impairing focus and memory. Choice D, elevated mood, is unlikely, as fatigue frequently correlates with irritability or low mood due to its draining effects. Choice B, persistent exhaustion, is the hallmark symptom, making it the most accurate answer. Nurses recognize this as a key indicator when assessing patients, guiding interventions like energy conservation techniques or addressing underlying causes, such as anemia or depression, to improve overall well-being.