ATI RN
Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assisting the family of a child with a history of encopresis. Which should be included in the nurse's discussion with this family?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most appropriate response for the nurse to include in the discussion with the family of a child with a history of encopresis is to reassure them that most problems are resolved successfully, with some relapses during periods of stress. Encopresis is a common disorder in childhood, characterized by the repeated passage of feces in inappropriate places. It is often related to chronic constipation and fecal impaction. Treatment for encopresis includes addressing the underlying constipation through interventions like dietary changes, behavioral therapies, and possibly medications. It is important for the nurse to educate the family that although it may take time and effort, most children improve with treatment. Reassuring the family that relapses during periods of stress are to be expected can help to alleviate some of their anxiety and encourage them to continue with the treatment plan.
Question 2 of 5
Which is a major complication in a child with chronic renal failure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A major complication in a child with chronic renal failure is water and sodium retention, leading to fluid overload and hypertension. Because the kidneys are not functioning properly, they are unable to regulate fluid and sodium levels in the body effectively. This can result in edema, increased blood pressure, and potential heart complications. Monitoring and managing fluid and sodium intake are essential in managing this complication in children with chronic renal failure.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a school-age child who has had a cardiac catheterization. The child tells the nurse that the bandage is "too wet." The nurse finds the bandage and bed soaked with blood. What is the priority nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The priority nursing action in this situation is to apply direct pressure above the catheterization site to control the bleeding. This is important to prevent excessive blood loss and ensure the child's safety. The nurse should quickly address the issue of the soaked bandage and bed by applying direct pressure to the catheterization site to stop the bleeding. Once bleeding is controlled, the nurse should then notify the physician for further evaluation and treatment. Placing the child in Trendelenburg position is not necessary in this scenario, as the immediate focus should be on controlling the bleeding.
Question 4 of 5
Seventy-two hours after cardiac surgery, a young child has a temperature of 101° F. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A temperature of 101°F after cardiac surgery in a young child, especially 72 hours post-surgery, is a concerning finding that should be reported to the physician. This elevated temperature could indicate infection or another complication following the surgery. It is important for the physician to evaluate the child's condition and determine the appropriate course of action. Simply recording the temperature on nurses' notes or keeping the child warm with blankets is not adequate management in this situation. Applying a hypothermia blanket would also not be appropriate as the child is already febrile. The priority in this scenario is to report the findings to the physician for further assessment and intervention.
Question 5 of 5
A preschool child is scheduled for an echocardiogram. Parents ask the nurse whether they can hold the child during the procedure. The nurse should answer with which response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is that "You will be able to hold your child during the procedure." It is common for parents to be allowed to hold their child during an echocardiogram to provide comfort and reassurance. This can help the child stay calm and cooperative during the procedure. Holding the child can also create a familiar and secure environment, making it easier for the healthcare provider to perform the echocardiogram successfully.