The nurse is assisting a patient who wishes to use hydrotherapy during labor. What is the primary benefit of hydrotherapy?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increases maternal relaxation. Hydrotherapy during labor helps relax the mother by reducing stress, anxiety, and pain perception, promoting a sense of well-being. Relaxation can lead to better pain management and overall labor experience. Choice A is incorrect because hydrotherapy may not directly accelerate cervical dilation. Choice C is incorrect as it may reduce discomfort but does not necessarily prevent perineal trauma. Choice D is incorrect as the duration of labor can vary and is not solely determined by hydrotherapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because helping the woman manage the pain is essential in nursing care for a laboring patient to ensure her comfort and well-being during labor. This intervention includes providing pain relief measures, such as positioning, massage, breathing techniques, and administering pain medication if needed. The focus is on supporting the woman's coping mechanisms and enhancing her overall birthing experience. Choice B is incorrect because eliminating pain completely is not always possible or recommended in labor, as some pain is a natural part of the process. Choice C is incorrect as comfort with the predictable nature of care is not as crucial as providing active pain management. Choice D is incorrect because sharing personal experiences may not be relevant or helpful to the laboring patient and may not address her specific needs during labor.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient is gravida 3, para 2, with a history of the shortest previous labor of 4 hours. This indicates a high likelihood of rapid labor progression, necessitating immediate hospital or birth center access to ensure timely delivery. Choice A lives 10 minutes away, which may not be enough time in case of rapid labor. Choice B, living 40 minutes away, poses a risk of delivering en route. Choice C's previous labor duration of 16 hours suggests a longer labor, making immediate hospital arrival less critical.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Report the fetal heart rate to the physician or nurse-midwife immediately. A fetal heart rate of 152 bpm is within the normal range for a fetus, but it is essential to communicate any findings to the healthcare provider for further assessment and monitoring. This step ensures the safety and well-being of both the mother and the fetus by allowing the healthcare provider to determine if any additional actions are necessary. Incorrect choices: A: Inform the mother that the fetal heart rate is normal - While the heart rate may be normal, it is crucial to involve the healthcare provider for proper evaluation. B: Reassess the fetal heart rate in 5 minutes because the rate is too high - 152 bpm is not considered too high, and immediate reporting to the healthcare provider is necessary. D: Suggest to the mother that she is going to have a boy because the heart rate is fast - Fetal heart rate is not a reliable indicator of the baby's gender, and this

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the vulva bulging and encircling the fetal head is a sign that the baby is descending through the birth canal, indicating the patient is almost ready to give birth. This is known as crowning. A: Bloody mucous discharge increasing is a sign of early labor, not necessarily indicating imminent birth. C: Feeling the fetal head at 0 station means the baby is engaged in the pelvis, but it does not indicate the exact timing of birth. D: Membranes rupturing during a contraction can happen at any stage of labor and do not necessarily signify imminent birth.